Molecular data from up to 130‐year‐old herbarium specimens do not support the presence of cherry powdery mildew in Australia

Smith, Reannon L.; May, Tom W.; Kaur, Jatinder; Sawbridge, Tim; Mann, Ross; Edwards, Jacqueline

doi:10.1111/ppa.13316

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…pannosa and Po. leucotricha with closely matched Podosphaera from GenBank and published sources [ 16 , 17 ] to total 88 sequences of 508 base pairs ( Figure 1 ). A well-supported clade (bootstrap (BS) support 90 and posterior probability (BI) 1) consisted of nine sequences identified as Po.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

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Re-Evaluation of the Podosphaera tridactyla Species Complex in Australia

Smith

May

Kaur

et al. 2021

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The Podosphaera tridactyla species complex is highly variable morphologically and causes powdery mildew on a wide range of Prunus species, including stone fruit. A taxonomic revision of the Po. tridactyla species complex in 2020 identified 12 species, seven of which were newly characterised. In order to clarify which species of this complex are present in Australia, next generation sequencing was used to isolate the fungal ITS+28S and host matK chloroplast gene regions from 56 powdery mildew specimens of stone fruit and ornamental Prunus species accessioned as Po. tridactyla or Oidium sp. in Australian reference collections. The specimens were collected in Australia, Switzerland, Italy and Korea and were collected from 1953 to 2018. Host species were confirmed using matK phylogenetic analysis, which identified that four had been misidentified as Prunus but were actually Malusprunifolia. Podosphaera species were identified using ITS+28S phylogenetic analysis, recognising three Podosphaera species on stone fruit and related ornamental Prunus hosts in Australia. These were Po.pannosa, the rose powdery mildew, and two species in the Po. tridactyla species complex: Po. ampla, which was the predominant species, and a previously unidentified species from peach, which we describe here as Po. cunningtonii.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…tridactyla complex ( Figure 2 ). Both data sets included sequences generated from this study and sequences of Podosphaera obtained from GenBank that were selected from published studies [ 11 , 16 , 17 ] and NCBI searches of Podosphaera spp. ITS and ITS+28S sequences.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Evaluation of the Podosphaera tridactyla Species Complex in Australia

Smith

May

Kaur

et al. 2021

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“…Smith et al [ 187 ] used HTS for fungarium specimens of powdery mildews ( Erysiphales ) and found that it was possible to extract DNA from 25 years old specimens. A subsequent study by Smith et al [ 189 ] used NGS to extract DNA from a powdery mildew ( Podosphaera spp.) in the Victorian Plant Pathology Herbarium (VPRI).…”

Section: Culture-independent Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Insight into Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Methods in Discovering Ascomycetous Taxa

Wijayawardene

Bahram

Sánchez-Castro

et al. 2021

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Culture techniques are vital in both traditional and modern fungal taxonomy. Establishing sexual–asexual links and synanamorphs, extracting DNA and secondary metabolites are mainly based on cultures. However, it is widely accepted that a large number of species are not sporulating in nature while others cannot be cultured. Recent ecological studies based on culture-independent methods revealed these unculturable taxa, i.e., dark taxa. Recent fungal diversity estimation studies suggested that environmental sequencing plays a vital role in discovering missing species. However, Sanger sequencing is still the main approach in determining DNA sequences in culturable species. In this paper, we summarize culture-based and culture-independent methods in the study of ascomycetous taxa. High-throughput sequencing of leaf endophytes, leaf litter fungi and fungi in aquatic environments is important to determine dark taxa. Nevertheless, currently, naming dark taxa is not recognized by the ICN, thus provisional naming of them is essential as suggested by several studies.

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Genetic epidemiology of late blight in Australia using ancient DNA

Caruana

Boer

Rodoni

et al. 2023

Australasian Plant Pathol.

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Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive disease of potatoes worldwide and is most notable as the cause of the Irish potato famine of the mid 1840’s. Whole mitochondrial genome sequences were generated from 44 Australian, two UK and one US isolates of P. infestans stored as either herbarium specimens or as recent samples on FTA cards, spanning the period 1873–2019. Mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence comparison confirmed that over the past c. 110 years, an old A1 strain of P. infestans has been present in Australia. There was evidence, however, that P. infestans had been introduced on multiple separate occasions in the early 1900s prior to the introduction of quarantine measures. The 44 Australian samples included six infected specimens of the Australian native kangaroo apple (Solanum aviculare) collected in 1911. The P. infestans mt genome sequences from these isolates clustered with P. infestans from infected potatoes collected in Victoria (1910, 1911, 1986, 1989), South Australia (1909, 2003) and Tasmania (1910, 2019), supporting the hypothesis that Australia has one old strain that has survived since the first arrival of the pathogen into the country. The study highlights the success of Australia’s potato biosecurity setting and supports the need for ongoing surveillance and biosecurity measures to prevent the introduction of the newer more aggressive strains of the pathogen.

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Molecular data from up to 130‐year‐old herbarium specimens do not support the presence of cherry powdery mildew in Australia

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Re-Evaluation of the Podosphaera tridactyla Species Complex in Australia

Re-Evaluation of the Podosphaera tridactyla Species Complex in Australia

Current Insight into Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Methods in Discovering Ascomycetous Taxa

Genetic epidemiology of late blight in Australia using ancient DNA

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