Molecular detection and clinical aspects of porcine circovirus 3 infection in pigs from Brazil

Abstract

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) DNA has been detected in serum samples from apparently healthy pigs as well as pigs with different clinical conditions. Molecular detection of PCV-3 was observed in swine serum samples from Southeastern - Brazil using a nested PCR designed specifically for this study. The epidemiology and clinical aspects of PCV-3 infection were evaluated. The samples originated from 154 pigs of both genders from different production phases and with different clinical presentations, sampled from 31 pig farms visited between 2013 and 2018. In this study, PCV-3 was detected in 26.7% of samples from all populations across varying ages. Statistical association (P=0.0285) was observed only between animals with respiratory signs and PCV-3; no PCV-3-positive animal had diarrhea. No statistical association was observed between PCV-3 and age, or gender of the pigs. Because PCV-3 is a newly discovered virus, there is very little information about its epidemiology. We hope that these data can help in future studies investigating PCV-3 epidemiology.

Molecular detection of porcine circovirus (PCV2 and PCV3), torque teno swine virus 1 and 2 (TTSuV1 and TTSuVk2), and histopathological findings in swine organs submitted to regular slaughter in Southeast, Brazil

“…PCV2 nested PCR was performed by amplifying a 255-bp capsid gene fragment according to Kim and Chae (2001) . Nested PCR was also performed for PCV3 by amplifying a 648 bp fragment from the capsid protein gene (ORF2) ( Ku et al, 2017 ), followed by amplification of an internal fragment of 205 pb, as described by Cruz et al (2020) .…”

“…In 2015, a new porcine circovirus, porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3), was described in sows with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy-like syndrome (PDNS) in domestic and wild pigs in several countries, including Brazil ( Cruz et al, 2020 ; Rodrigues et al, 2020 ), and associated with PMWS, respiratory and digestive signs similar to PCVAD. The detection of the virus in PCV2-SI animals also suggests the involvement of PCV3 in this syndrome ( Saraiva et al, 2019 ; Zhai et al, 2017 ).…”