Molecular Epidemiology, Species Distribution, and Zoonotic Importance of the Neglected Meat-Borne Pathogen Sarcocystis spp. in Cattle (Bos taurus): A Global Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Shams, Morteza; Shamsi, Laya; Asghari, Ali; Motazedian, Mohammad Hossein; Mohammadi-Ghalehbin, Behnam; Omidian, Mostafa; Nazari, Naser; Sadrebazzaz, Alireza

doi:10.1007/s11686-022-00563-z

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The infection rates of Sarcocystis in ruminants in China and Iran were reported to be 65% and 74.4%, respectively. In another meta-analysis study, the global prevalence of Sarcocystis in cattle was reported to be 62.7% [ 49 ]. In our study, we focused on sheep and goats and compiled data obtained from 14 countries worldwide ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Meta-Analysis of Global Sarcocystis Infection in Sheep and Goats

et al. 2023

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Sarcocystosis is an intracellular parasitic disease caused by Sarcocystis spp. that has a worldwide prevalence. Symptoms of the disease include diarrhea and muscle pain. The disease poses a threat to the health of animals. The aim of this review is to investigate the global prevalence of Sarcocystis infection in sheep and goats during 2013–2022. We searched five databases: Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 36 articles containing 44 datasets met the criteria and were included in the study. The total infection rates of Sarcocystis in sheep and goats were 66.3% (95% CI, 51.79–79.38%) and 52.1% (95% CI, 29.45–74.23%), respectively. It was found that Sarcocystis species tend to have a host species preference. Coinfection of S. tenella and S. arieticanis often occurred in sheep, and goats were frequently infected with S. capracanis. Age and sex were identified as risk factors for Sarcocystis infection in sheep and goats. The infection rates of female and male animals were significantly different, with females having a higher infection rate. Age-adjusted analysis showed that infection rates in animals older than one year were higher than in animals younger than one year. This study unveiled the global distribution of Sarcocystis and sheds light on its transmission in sheep and goats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Meta-Analysis of Global Sarcocystis Infection in Sheep and Goats

et al. 2023

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“…Though a high prevalence of Sarcocystis in cattle, the prevalence of BEM is quite low, ranging from 0.002% to 5% worldwide. However, the association of Sarcocystis with BEM was confirmed in a study in which Sarcocystis DNA was detected in 91.7% of the lesions [230].…”

Section: Prevalence Of Sarcocystis Spp In Food Producing Animalsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…It appears as diffuse grey-green patches on masticatory muscles, tongue, heart, and diaphragm. In severe cases all striated muscles can be involved [230] and, though clinical symptoms are not usually observed, BEM lesions can cause carcass depreciation and economic losses [227].…”

Section: Prevalence Of Sarcocystis Spp In Food Producing Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protozoan Infections Acquired from Food or Drinking Water: An Update

Rossi,

Amadoro,

Santonicola

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This review summarizes the most recent developments of research on protozoan parasite infections ac-quired through food and drinking water and is aimed at gathering updated knowledge on the risk factors, illnesses caused, and measures for prevention. Reports included dated from 2019 to the present and regarded recent outbreaks and cases of severe infec-tions, prevalence in different population segments and food handlers, and occurrence in food and drinking water. Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Trypanosoma cruzi and Toxoplasma gondii were the microorganisms most frequently involved in large outbreaks and/or severe infections, while Cyclospora cayetanensis was most frequently involved in single case reports. Cystoisospora belli was implied in severe infections in immunocompromised patients, while Blastocystis homi-nis, Sarcocystis spp., Dientamoeba fragilis, Endolimax nana and Pentatrichomonas hominis appeared to be less relevant for number of symptomatic infections and pathogenic potential. A progressive improvement in surveillance of protozoan infections and infection sources was highlighted, especially in developed countries. The apparent increase in cases was concomitant with the implementa-tion of reporting systems and the application of molecular diagnostic methods that represent valuable in-struments for establishing epidemiological links and preventing or limiting outbreaks. The pathogenic role and sources of infection should be better elucidated for some species.

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“…In sheep [2], six Sarcocystis species are known, which are Sarcocystis gigantea, S. medusiformis, S. tenella, S. arieticanis, S. microps, and S. mihoensis. [2,4]. Moreover, five Sarcocystis spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First molecular identification and phylogenetic illustration of Sarcocystis species infection in Red Sea shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810)

Ahmed,

Ghallab,

Shaalan

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background members of the genus Sarcocystis are intracellular obligate protozoan parasites classified within the phylum Apicomplexa and have an obligate heteroxenous life cycle involving two hosts. A more comprehensive understanding of the prevalence and geographic range of different Sarcocystis species in marine ecosystems is needed globally and nationally. Hence, the objective of this study was to document the incidence of Sarcocystis infection in sharks within the aquarium ecosystem of Egypt and to identify the species through the characterization of the SSU rDNA gene. Methods All organs of the mako shark specimen underwent macroscopic screening to detect the existence of a Sarcocystis cyst. Ten cysts were collected from the intestine and processed separately to extract the genomic DNA. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was accomplished by amplifying a specific 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene fragment. Subsequently, the resulting amplicons were subjected to purification and sequencing processes. Results Macroscopic examination of the mako shark intestinal wall sample revealed the presence of Sarcocystis cysts of various sizes and shapes, and sequencing of the amplicons from Sarcocystis DNA revealed a 100% nucleotide identity with the sequence of Sarcocystis tenella recorded from sheep in Iran; The mako shark sequence has been deposited in the GeneBank with the accession number OQ721979. This study presents the first scientific evidence demonstrating the presence of the Sarcocystis parasite in sharks, thereby documenting this specific marine species as a novel intermediate host in the Sarcocystis life cycle. Conclusions This is the first identification of Sarcocystis infection in sharks, and we anticipate it will be an essential study for future screenings and establishing effective management measures for this disease in aquatic ecosystems.

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Molecular Epidemiology, Species Distribution, and Zoonotic Importance of the Neglected Meat-Borne Pathogen Sarcocystis spp. in Cattle (Bos taurus): A Global Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

A Systematic Meta-Analysis of Global Sarcocystis Infection in Sheep and Goats

A Systematic Meta-Analysis of Global Sarcocystis Infection in Sheep and Goats

Protozoan Infections Acquired from Food or Drinking Water: An Update

First molecular identification and phylogenetic illustration of Sarcocystis species infection in Red Sea shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810)

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