Molecular hydrogen: A potential radioprotective agent

Hu, Qiong; Zhou, Yunxiang; Wu, Shao‐Hua; Wu, Wei; Deng, Yongchuan; Shao, Anwen

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110589

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…GM-CSF reduced the occurrence of both pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, an analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics of 41 patients, undergoing radiotherapy, evidenced that RILI remission was significantly correlated with GM-CSF treatment [ 257 ].…”

Section: Medical Countermeasuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies: Biological Effects, Countermeasures and Biodosimetry

et al. 2022

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Atomic and radiological crises can be caused by accidents, military activities, terrorist assaults involving atomic installations, the explosion of nuclear devices, or the utilization of concealed radiation exposure devices. Direct damage is caused when radiation interacts directly with cellular components. Indirect effects are mainly caused by the generation of reactive oxygen species due to radiolysis of water molecules. Acute and persistent oxidative stress associates to radiation-induced biological damages. Biological impacts of atomic radiation exposure can be deterministic (in a period range a posteriori of the event and because of destructive tissue/organ harm) or stochastic (irregular, for example cell mutation related pathologies and heritable infections). Potential countermeasures according to a specific scenario require considering basic issues, e.g., the type of radiation, people directly affected and first responders, range of doses received and whether the exposure or contamination has affected the total body or is partial. This review focuses on available medical countermeasures (radioprotectors, radiomitigators, radionuclide scavengers), biodosimetry (biological and biophysical techniques that can be quantitatively correlated with the magnitude of the radiation dose received), and strategies to implement the response to an accidental radiation exposure. In the case of large-scale atomic or radiological events, the most ideal choice for triage, dose assessment and victim classification, is the utilization of global biodosimetry networks, in combination with the automation of strategies based on modular platforms.

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Section: Medical Countermeasuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies: Biological Effects, Countermeasures and Biodosimetry

et al. 2022

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“…Approximately 60-70% of DNA damage is induced by the indirect action of free radicals [3]. The •OH produced during water radiolysis causes the oxidation of DNA, lipids, amino acids, and saccharides, and the oxidation of these biological materials leads to the formation of various secondary free radicals [26,27]. DNA is one of the major targets of free radicals.…”

Section: Biological Effects Of Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposure to radiation induces many detrimental effects, including genetic mutation, cell death, and carcinogenesis. The most radiation-sensitive organs are in the hematopoietic, digestive, reproductive, and skin systems, consisting of those with high cell proliferation [ 26 , 27 ]. Radiation damage occurs at the cellular level, either directly or indirectly.…”

Section: Biological Effects Of Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Hydrogen as a Potential Clinically Applicable Radioprotective Agent

Hirano¹,

Ichikawa²,

Sato³

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Although ionizing radiation (radiation) is commonly used for medical diagnosis and cancer treatment, radiation-induced damages cannot be avoided. Such damages can be classified into direct and indirect damages, caused by the direct absorption of radiation energy into DNA and by free radicals, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), generated in the process of water radiolysis. More specifically, radiation damage concerns not only direct damages to DNA, but also secondary damages to non-DNA targets, because low-dose radiation damage is mainly caused by these indirect effects. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has the potential to be a radioprotective agent because it can selectively scavenge •OH, a reactive oxygen species with strong oxidizing power. Animal experiments and clinical trials have reported that H2 exhibits a highly safe radioprotective effect. This paper reviews previously reported radioprotective effects of H2 and discusses the mechanisms of H2, not only as an antioxidant, but also in intracellular responses including anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and the regulation of gene expression. In doing so, we demonstrate the prospects of H2 as a novel and clinically applicable radioprotective agent.

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“…Molecular hydrogen can exert biological effects on almost all organs, including the brain, heart, lung, liver, and pancreas. It has a variety of biological functions, including roles in the regulation of oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects (Iketani and Ohsawa, 2017;Kura et al, 2019;Hu et al, 2020;Kawamura T et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular hydrogen is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary disease

Zhang

2022

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Molecular hydrogen exerts biological effects on nearly all organs. It has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects and contributes to the regulation of autophagy and cell death. As the primary organ for gas exchange, the lungs are constantly exposed to various harmful environmental irritants. Short- or long-term exposure to these harmful substances often results in lung injury, causing respiratory and lung diseases. Acute and chronic respiratory diseases have high rates of morbidity and mortality and have become a major public health concern worldwide. For example, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic. An increasing number of studies have revealed that hydrogen may protect the lungs from diverse diseases, including acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we highlight the multiple functions of hydrogen and the mechanisms underlying its protective effects in various lung diseases, with a focus on its roles in disease pathogenesis and clinical significance.

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Molecular hydrogen: A potential radioprotective agent

Cited by 35 publications

References 92 publications

Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies: Biological Effects, Countermeasures and Biodosimetry

Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies: Biological Effects, Countermeasures and Biodosimetry

Molecular Hydrogen as a Potential Clinically Applicable Radioprotective Agent

Molecular hydrogen is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary disease

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