Molecular Identification and mRNA Expression Profiles of Galectin-9 Gene in Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major) Infected with Pathogens

Abstract

Galectin (Gal) is a member of a family of β-galactoside-binding lectin. The members of this family play important roles in the recognition of carbohydrate ligands and in various other biological processes. In this study, we identified the gene encoding Gal-9 in Pagrus major (PmGal-9) and analyzed its expression in various tissues after pathogen challenge. Alignment analysis revealed that the two galactose-binding lectin domains of the deduced protein were highly conserved among all the teleosts. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PmGal-9 is most closely related to the Gal-9 gene of gilthead sea bream. PmGal-9 was ubiquitously expressed in all tissues analyzed but was predominantly expressed in the spleen, head kidney, and intestine. After challenges with major microbial pathogens (Edwardsiella piscicida, Streptococcus iniae, or red sea bream iridovirus) of red sea bream, PmGal-9 mRNA expression was significantly regulated in most immune-related tissues. These results suggested that PmGal-9 not only plays an important role in the immune system of red sea bream but is also a possible inflammatory marker for pathogenic diseases.

An Update of Lectins from Marine Organisms: Characterization, Extraction Methodology, and Potential Biofunctional Applications

“…F type lectin from the fish Trematomus bernacchii demonstrated bacterium agglutinating activity at a low temperature [71]. Following exposure to pathogenic microbes (E. piscicida, S. iniae, or red sea bream iridovirus), the level of mRNA expression of red seabream (Pagrus major) galectin Gal-9 was heightened in most immune tissues, indicating the role of the galectin in the red sea bream immune system [183]. The recombinant form of galectin-8 from the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus bound to Gram-negative bacterial cell wall lipopolysaccharide and Gram-positive bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan and agglutinated the bacteria studied [184].…”