Molecular Microbial Community Analysis as an Analysis Tool for Optimal Biogas Production

Abstract

The microbial diversity in anaerobic digestion (AD) is important because it affects process robustness. High-throughput sequencing offers high-resolution data regarding the microbial diversity and robustness of biological systems including AD; however, to understand the dynamics of microbial processes, knowing the microbial diversity is not adequate alone. Advanced meta-omic techniques have been established to determine the activity and interactions among organisms in biological processes like AD. Results of these methods can be used to identify biomarkers for AD states. This can aid a better understanding of system dynamics and be applied to producing comprehensive models for AD. The paper provides valuable knowledge regarding the possibility of integration of molecular methods in AD. Although meta-genomic methods are not suitable for on-line use due to long operating time and high costs, they provide extensive insight into the microbial phylogeny in AD. Meta-proteomics can also be explored in the demonstration projects for failure prediction. However, for these methods to be fully realised in AD, a biomarker database needs to be developed.

Culture adaptation for enhanced biogas production from birch wood applying stable carbon isotope analysis to monitor changes in the microbial community

“…Compared to cellulose and cellulosic polysaccharides with crystalline structure, hemicellulose is easier to be degraded. Consequently, relative abundance of Caldicoprobacter increased faster in comparison with cellulose hydrolysis bacteria [ 24 , 88 ].…”

“…AD is a complex four-step anaerobic biological process including hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis where the methane is the final electron sink in absence of inorganic oxidant such as nitrate, ferric iron, or sulfate [ 23 , 24 ]. In the last step, methane is produced from a few intermediate substrates as follows: …”

“…However, in stress conditions such as high ammonia concentration (reported from 1.4 to 14 g/L) [ 26 ] or high temperature, an acetate oxidation reaction (Eqs. 2 and 3 ), known as syntrophic acetate oxidation, followed by hydrogen consumption via hydrogenotrophic archaea (e.g., Methanomicrobiales , Methanobacteriales , Methanococcales , Methanoculleus and some family members of Methanosarcina ) can take over the biomethane production process (the overall Gibbs energy of the acetate oxidation route is Δ G = − 31 kJ/mol) [ 24 , 26 ]. A close partnership between acetate oxidizing bacteria and hydrogenotrophic archaea is needed to produce methane from the syntrophic acetate oxidation pathway (Eqs.…”

Advancements and Innovations in Harnessing Microbial Processes for Enhanced Biogas Production from Waste Materials

“…RDTs can be divided into blocked and unblocked (ubRDT and bRDT, respectively) categories [167,168]. In the termination procedure (which is primarily utilized for second-generation sequencing), bRDT demonstrated greater performance, and ubRDTs were more effective in the sequence elongation outcomes [15]. The 3 -O-azidomethyl method is used by the Illumina technology, which is a second-generation sequencing methodology based on bRDT [167].…”

“…Consequently, changes in fermentation conditions, time, and ecosystem can result in shifts in the microbial community composition within the digester. Recent advancements in molecular techniques have greatly enhanced the understanding of activities and metabolic pathways in microbial communities and their functional potentials in biogas production from waste [15]. These techniques provide insights into the composition, functional gene profiling, and metabolic pathway reconstruction of microbial communities, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of their roles in biogas production [16].…”