Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships, Trichothecene Chemotype Diversity and Aggressiveness of Strains in a Global Collection of Fusarium graminearum Species

Amarasinghe, Chami C.; Sharanowski, Barbara J.; Fernando, W. G. Dilantha

doi:10.3390/toxins11050263

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…graminearum are segregating for 15ADON, 3ADON, and NIV worldwide [ 26 , 32 , 82 ] whereas the available data indicate the 15ADON chemotype is fixed in F . boothii [ 26 , 82 , 83 ]. Fusarium ussurianum , by contrast, appears to be fixed for the 3ADON chemotype in the Far East of Russia [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Phylogenetic diversity, trichothecene potential, and pathogenicity within Fusarium sambucinum species complex

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Fusarium sambucinum species complex (FSAMSC) is one of the most taxonomically challenging groups of fusaria, comprising prominent mycotoxigenic plant pathogens and other species with various lifestyles. Among toxins produced by members of the FSAMSC, trichothecenes pose the most significant threat to public health. Herein a global collection of 171 strains, originating from diverse hosts or substrates, were selected to represent FSAMSC diversity. This strain collection was used to assess their species diversity, evaluate their potential to produce trichothecenes, and cause disease on wheat. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of a combined 3-gene dataset used to infer evolutionary relationships revealed that the 171 strains originally received as 48 species represent 74 genealogically exclusive phylogenetically distinct species distributed among six strongly supported clades: Brachygibbosum, Graminearum, Longipes, Novel, Sambucinum, and Sporotrichioides. Most of the strains produced trichothecenes in vitro but varied in type, indicating that the six clades correspond to type A, type B, or both types of trichothecene-producing lineages. Furthermore, five strains representing two putative novel species within the Sambucinum Clade produced two newly discovered type A trichothecenes, 15-keto NX-2 and 15-keto NX-3. Strains of the two putatively novel species together with members of the Graminearum Clade were aggressive toward wheat when tested for pathogenicity on heads of the susceptible cultivar Apogee. In planta, the Graminearum Clade strains produced nivalenol or deoxynivalenol and the aggressive Sambucinum Clade strains synthesized NX-3 and 15-keto NX-3. Other strains within the Brachygibbosum, Longipes, Novel, Sambucinum, and Sporotrichioides Clades were nonpathogenic or could infect the inoculated floret without spreading within the head. Moreover, most of these strains did not produce any toxin in the inoculated spikelets. These data highlight aggressiveness toward wheat appears to be influenced by the type of toxin produced and that it is not limited to members of the Graminearum Clade.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our data are consistent with other reports that evaluated these species on other wheat cultivars including cv. Norm [ 6 , 11 , 41 , 83 ]. Even so, toxin analyses of the inoculated wheat heads revealed that these species were all toxigenic and made NIV in planta .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic diversity, trichothecene potential, and pathogenicity within Fusarium sambucinum species complex

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fusarium graminearum species complex isolates vary in their ability to cause disease in different hosts (Goswami and Kistler, ). In general, both 3ADON and 15ADON chemotypes of F. graminearum and F. asiaticum are more aggressive than NIV chemotypes of F. asiaticum , F. meridionale , and F. cortaderiae in wheat (Starkey et al , ; Spolti et al , ; Umpiérrez‐Failache et al , ; Liu et al , ; Nicolli et al , ; Yang et al , ; Amarasinghe et al , ). However, there have been few reports on the pathogenicity of FGSC isolates in rice (Goswami and Kistler, ; Lee et al , ; Gomes et al , ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gramineous weeds near paddy fields are alternative hosts for the Fusarium graminearum species complex that causes fusarium head blight in rice

Dong

Zhang

et al. 2020

Plant Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential role of gramineous weeds present near paddy fields as alternative hosts for the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) that causes fusarium head blight (FHB) in rice. A total of 142 weed samples were collected from 10 gramineous weed species near paddy fields from August to October 2018 in Jiangsu Province, China. Of the 145 isolates of seven Fusarium species isolated from the weed samples, F. asiaticum was the most abundant (86.9%), followed by F. fujikuroi (5.5%), F. proliferatum (2.8%), F. graminearum (2.1%), F. tricinctum (1.4%), F. acuminatum (0.7%), and F. sporotrichioides (0.7%). Genotype and mycotoxin analyses confirmed that 72.2% of F. asiaticum isolates were producers of deoxynivalenol (DON) with 3‐acetyl deoxynivalenol (3ADON), and the remainder were nivalenol (NIV) producers. Pathogenicity assays showed that both 3ADON and NIV chemotypes of F. asiaticum could cause FHB in rice, but NIV chemotypes were significantly (p < .05) more aggressive than 3ADON chemotypes. Three Fusarium mycotoxins, DON, NIV, and zearalenone, occurred naturally at low concentrations in the weed samples. Taken together, this study provides insight into the mycotoxin production and aggressiveness of F. asiaticum isolates from gramineous weeds in China.

show abstract

“…In addition, two viruses that share high sequence similarity with FgV1 or FgV2 have been recently isolated in China (hereafter referred to as FgV1-ch and FgV-ch9, respectively) ( Zhang et al, 2020 ). Considering that the original host strains of FgV1–4 belong to different lineages in the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSG), a complex that includes eight and several additional phylogenetic lineages that cause Fusarium head blight (FHB), the potential of adaptive evolution in FgVs can be inferred ( Amarasinghe et al, 2019 ). In this regard, the following question should be answered: Which evolutionary processes dominate FgV1 populations and consequently shape the structure and fitness of the populations?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Signatures of Natural Selection and Molecular Evolution in Fusarium graminearum Virus 1

Heo

Choi

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fusarium graminearum virus 1 (FgV1) is a positive-sense ssRNA virus that confers hypovirulence in its fungal host, Fusarium graminearum . Like most mycoviruses, FgV1 exists in fungal cells, lacks an extracellular life cycle, and is therefore transmitted during sporulation or hyphal anastomosis. To understand FgV1 evolution and/or adaptation, we conducted mutation accumulation (MA) experiments by serial passage of FgV1 alone or with FgV2, 3, or 4 in F. graminearum . We expected that the effects of positive selection would be highly limited because of repeated bottleneck events. To determine whether selection on the virus was positive, negative, or neutral, we assessed both the phenotypic traits of the host fungus and the RNA sequences of FgV1. We inferred that there was positive selection on beneficial mutations in FgV1 based on the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions ( d N /d S ), on the ratio of radical to conservation amino acid replacements ( p NR /p NC ), and by changes in the predicted protein structures. In support of this inference, we found evidence of positive selection only in the open reading frame 4 (ORF4) protein of DK21/FgV1 (MA line 1); mutations at amino acids 163A and 289H in the ORF4 of MA line 1 affected the entire structure of the protein predicted to be under positive selection. We also found, however, that deleterious mutations were a major driving force in viral evolution during serial passages. Linear relationships between changes in viral fitness and the number of mutations in each MA line demonstrated that some deleterious mutations resulted in fitness decline. Several mutations in MA line 1 were not shared with any of the other four MA lines (PH-1/FgV1, PH-1/FgV1 + 2, PH-1/FgV1 + 3, and PH-1/FgV1 + 4). This suggests that evolutionary pathways of the virus could differ with respect to hosts and also with respect to co-infecting viruses. The data also suggested that the differences among MA lines might also be explained by mutational robustness and other unidentified factors. Additional research is needed to clarify the effects of virus co-infection on the adaptation or evolution of FgV1 to its environments.

show abstract

Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships, Trichothecene Chemotype Diversity and Aggressiveness of Strains in a Global Collection of Fusarium graminearum Species

Cited by 32 publications

References 57 publications

Phylogenetic diversity, trichothecene potential, and pathogenicity within Fusarium sambucinum species complex

Phylogenetic diversity, trichothecene potential, and pathogenicity within Fusarium sambucinum species complex

Gramineous weeds near paddy fields are alternative hosts for the Fusarium graminearum species complex that causes fusarium head blight in rice

The Signatures of Natural Selection and Molecular Evolution in Fusarium graminearum Virus 1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About