Molecular Phylogeny and Evolutionary Divergence of North American Biological Species ofArmillaria

Piercey‐Normore, Michele D.; Egger, Keith N.; Bérubé, Jean A.

doi:10.1006/mpev.1997.0485

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…For example, Swofford (1991), quoted in Farris et al (1994), states that the ILD test is not influenced by different levels of homoplasy within the matrices but that it should be; Vidal and Lecointre (1998) agree that it is not influenced by noise, but they follow Farris et al (1994) in believing that it should not be; Graham et al (1998) come to the conclusion that it is in fact influenced by noise and offer advice on how to solve this problem (by excluding poorly supported branches). Other authors make the observation during their work that some significant results in the test may be due to a noisy or small data set, or one which lacks the ability to fully resolve trees, without addressing the issue further (for example Cannatella et al, 1998;Piercey-Normore et al, 1998). This is clearly an unsatisfactory position.…”

Section: The Influence Of Noise On the Ild Testmentioning

confidence: 90%

Noise and Incongruence: Interpreting Results of the Incongruence Length Difference Test

Dolphin

Belshaw

Orme

et al. 2000

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

249

154

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Section: The Influence Of Noise On the Ild Testmentioning

confidence: 90%

Noise and Incongruence: Interpreting Results of the Incongruence Length Difference Test

Dolphin

Belshaw

Orme

et al. 2000

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

249

154

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“…13,14) Methods based on molecular techniques are nowadays routinely used and provided a new perspective for phylogenetic and taxonomic studies. 12,[15][16][17] PCR-RFLP analysis profiles of intergenic spacer 1 (IGS-1) have been successfully applied to the Armillaria species identification. 12,13,18,19) Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and intergenic spacer 1 (IGS-1) regions 14,20,21) has also been used for identification.…”

Section: 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Armillaria nabsnona in Gastrodia Tubers

Sekizaki

Kuninaga

Yamamoto

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Armillaria species (Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) are well known to be the cause of root rot and death to woody plants in boreal, temperate and tropical regions worldwide.1) Generally this species has a broad variety of hosts, presenting pathogenic or symbiotic properties depending on the available substrate. 1,2)Armillaria has been identified as an associate in certain achlorophyllous taxa of Orchidaceae including Gastrodia elata BL. 3,4) and Galeola septentrionalis REICHB. 5) Although many reports refer to Armillaria mellea as the main fungus symbiont of G. elata, 3,6) 4)In eastern traditional medicine, the tubers of this orchid have been used for the treatment of many kinds of diseases including headache, rheumatism, seizure, dizziness and circulation problems. 7,8) G. elata is considered as a difficult species to cultivate due to the need for different kinds of fungi colonization to achieve its full development.6) To increase the knowledge of the cultivation process and understand its relationship with the Armillaria, it is important to first identify which Armillaria species is involved in the association.In past decades, the identification of Armillaria spp. was based on mating tests and morphological characteristics. 2,9,10) However, those methods are very limited due to the great number of biological species and similar morphological characteristics among them.11,12) Furthermore, mating pairings require fresh haploid cultures that sometimes are not available and a long period is required to obtain results. 13,14) Methods based on molecular techniques are nowadays routinely used and provided a new perspective for phylogenetic and taxonomic studies.12,15-17) PCR-RFLP analysis profiles of intergenic spacer 1 (IGS-1) have been successfully applied to the Armillaria species identification. 12,13,18,19) Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and intergenic spacer 1 (IGS-1) regions 14,20,21) has also been used for identification. The ITS and IGS sequences available in the GenBank and the development of efficient software have provided a valuable tool for differentiation as well as for the detection of polymorphism and heterogeneity among species. The ITS and IGS-1 of the ribosomal DNA are known to be highly polymorphic enabling the accurate species differentiation of the Armillaria.11) In some cases, however, ITS1 region sequences were proven to be nearly uniform among the Armillaria of northern hemisphere species. 11)The aim of this study was to apply molecular biological tools to identify which Armillaria species are involved in the association with G. elata. The ITS and IGS-1 regions of rDNA were amplified and sequenced for further comparison with other Armillaria species. PCR-RFLP of the IGS-1 region was performed with three different endonucleases. Morphological characteristics and compatibility tests were also used in the analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fungal Isolation and CultivationFungal samples were harvested in July 2005, found in different root parts of G. elata, which ...

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“…Based on the morphological and genetic relatedness of these two species, the relatively small geographic range of A. calvescens, and results from phylogenetic analyses, researchers have hypothesized that A. calvescens is derived from A. gallica (Anderson & Stasovski 1992;Piercey-Normore et al 1998). Separating these two species from one another using both morphological and molecular techniques have proven to be difficult, yet important to fully understand the ecology of Armillaria in northeastern North America where these two species dominate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of partial tef1, rpb2, and nLSU sequences for identification of isolates representing Armillaria calvescens and Armillaria gallica from northeastern North America

2011

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Molecular Phylogeny and Evolutionary Divergence of North American Biological Species ofArmillaria

Cited by 38 publications

References 66 publications

Noise and Incongruence: Interpreting Results of the Incongruence Length Difference Test

Noise and Incongruence: Interpreting Results of the Incongruence Length Difference Test

Identification of Armillaria nabsnona in Gastrodia Tubers

Evaluation of partial tef1, rpb2, and nLSU sequences for identification of isolates representing Armillaria calvescens and Armillaria gallica from northeastern North America

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