Molecular structure and fracture properties of ZrOX/Epoxysilane hybrid films

Oliver, Mark; Blohowiak, Kay Y.; Dauskardt, Reinhold H.

doi:10.1007/s10971-010-2262-1

Cited by 34 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Non-catalyzed opening of the epoxy ring proceeds at elevated temperatures (thermal curing), while at room temperature the epoxy ring remains intact [3]. In order for the reaction to proceed at low temperatures, crosslinking agents such as amines [3][4][5] or boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF 3 Á OEt 2 ) have to be added [1]. Epoxy-based inorganic-organic hybrid polymers prepared from GPTMS and DETA (diethylenetriamine) have been used [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zirconium promotes thermal polymerization of epoxides to polyethylene oxide chains, while titanium promotes photochemical polymerization [16]. Zirconium alkoxide, as a Lewis acid, is able to catalyse the epoxy ring opening by amines [4,5,15,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of Zr promotes the formation of a more amorphous Si-O-Si network instead of the ring (SiO) 4 unit typical of trialkoxysilanes like GPTMS [4,18]. Zr also acts as a toughening agent and enhances fracture of the hybrid coating [4]. This is partially ascribed to the presence of the epoxide ring, which not only increases cross-linking within the network but also improves adhesion to the substrate, since the opened epoxy ring can form Si-O-C bonds and hydrogen bonds with the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was proposed that acetic acid substitutes for the alkoxy groups of Zr alkoxide and probably acts as coordinating bridging ligand [19]. Diluted nitric acid and ethyl acetoacetate [5], and acetic acid [4,11,12,20] have been used in the synthesis of GPTMS/ZTP sols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid sol–gel coating agents based on zirconium(IV) propoxide and epoxysilane

Milošev

Kapun

Rodič

et al. 2015

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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The hybrid sol-gel was synthesized as a basis for preparing coatings for use as anticorrosion and antibacterial protectants of medical implants. Coatings were prepared using (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane and zirconium(IV) propoxide as precursors, with acetic acid as a catalyst. The synthesis was followed using in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Specific steps of the synthesis were followed by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The reactions of zirconium(IV) propoxide and (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane with acetic acid differed; acetate was formed only in the reaction between zirconium(IV) propoxide and acetic acid. The reaction of the opening of the epoxy ring of GPTMS was followed, during both synthesis and curing, at room temperature and at 150°C. The opening of epoxy ring was catalysed thermally. The thermal stability of the prepared sol was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Graphical AbstractKeywords Hybrid sol-gel coating Á Zirconium(IV) propoxide Á (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) Á FTIR Á NMR Ingrid Milošev and Barbara Kapun shares equally the first authorship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Hybrid sol–gel coating agents based on zirconium(IV) propoxide and epoxysilane

Milošev

Kapun

Rodič

et al. 2015

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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Corrosion Resistance in NaCl Environment of Fiber Metal Laminates based on Aluminum and Titanium Alloys with Carbon and Glass Fibers

Ostapiuk

Bieniaś

2020

Adv Eng Mater

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Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) based on carbon and glass fibers with aluminum as construction materials raise questions to the formation of corrosion. This article addresses the problem of the corrosion resistance of aluminum with glass and carbon fibers and with titanium layers. The laminates are exposed to the NaCl environment. Holes and half-holes are made to identify the effect of carbon-fiber layers to determine the corrosion behavior depending on the applied surface treatment. The dominant forms of corrosion occurring on the aluminum layer surface are pitting and intergranular corrosion. In addition to that, galvanic corrosion is treated in the laminates containing carbon fibers.

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Selective Deposition of Compositionally Graded Hybrid Adhesive Films

Giachino

Watson

Dubois

et al. 2015

Adv Materials Inter

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different water solubilities, hydrolysis, and polycondensation rates. Nevertheless, for hybrid fi lms deposited from aqueous solutions, it is often believed that the composition of the resulting fi lm is representative of the species that are the majority in solution. However, this is not always the case especially when dealing with dynamic and kinetically driven systems. For example, our previous work has shown that synthesizing hybrid fi lms from heterogeneous solutions is an innovative strategy to control the interfacial and bulk properties of the deposited fi lms. [ 19,20 ] Here we show that by using a dip coating technique, the minority of the species in solution, due to their chemical state, become the predominant species on the deposited fi lm. This selective deposition of minority species adds another dimension that allows for the control of the molecular structure of a fi lm deposited from dynamic systems involving, for example, copolymerization of functional organosilanes, macromonomers, and metal alkoxides. We highlight the effectiveness of this technique by depositing compositionally graded hybrid organic-inorganic fi lms, capable of forming a high-performance bond at the interface between an organic layer and an oxide substrate. We show that when synthesizing these fi lms, changes in the chemical structure of the precursors in solution that would appear insignifi cant actually result in a dramatic enhancement of the physical properties of the deposited fi lms.We use an aqueous and dilute sol-gel approach using an epoxy-functionalized silane, 3-(glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), and a zirconium alkoxide, tetran -propoxyzirconium (TPOZ). [19][20][21]23,24 ] In order to deposit fi lms with a compositionally graded molecular structure that are organic-rich toward the top, the molecular weight of the organic and inorganic networks formed by the GPTMS and TPOZ precursors in solution need to be optimized prior to deposition. Due to the interlaced inorganic and organic chemistry in this system, it is both dynamic and kinetically driven, therefore careful pretreatment of the precursors is necessary in order to allow for proper crosslinking of the molecular networks. We show that precise pretreatment of the GPTMS with hydrochloric acid (HCl) is fundamental to achieve an organosilicate network with a molecular weight optimized to enrich the top surface of the fi lm. By coupling a thin-fi lm delamination technique with chemical characterization of the fi lms, we correlated the underlying molecular structure to the adhesive/cohesive properties of the fi lms. We found that increasing the condensation of a very small fraction of the Hybrid organic-inorganic materials that are compositionally graded are excellent candidates for addressing the challenges related to the bonding of polymeric layers and inorganic substrates. Often, the synthesis of these hybrid materials involves the use of kinetically driven and dynamic solution systems where obtaining the desired hybrid molecular structures in the deposited fi...

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Molecular structure and fracture properties of ZrOX/Epoxysilane hybrid films

Cited by 34 publications

References 45 publications

Hybrid sol–gel coating agents based on zirconium(IV) propoxide and epoxysilane

Hybrid sol–gel coating agents based on zirconium(IV) propoxide and epoxysilane

Corrosion Resistance in NaCl Environment of Fiber Metal Laminates based on Aluminum and Titanium Alloys with Carbon and Glass Fibers

Selective Deposition of Compositionally Graded Hybrid Adhesive Films

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