Molecular studies on oestrogen α and progesterone receptors and histomorphometric analysis of canine uteri following aglepristone treatment

Limmanont, Chunsumon; Lertwatcharasarakul, Preeda; Ponglowhapan, Suppawiwat; Sirinarumitr, Kaitkanoke

doi:10.1111/rda.13945

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…No abnormal clinical signs were observed in the 12 bitches (excluded T-No.8) or in their puppies 7 days after C-section in either group. A single dose of aglepristone treatment did not affect the bitches or their puppies, similar to other studies [ 15 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…[ 23 ] in which a single dose of aglepristone (10 mg/kg SC) was administered 5 days before ovariohysterectomy but did not affect non-pregnant diestrus bitches. Another study reported that aglepristone treatment did not affect either serum E2 or P4 levels [ 24 ]. In the present study, progesterone levels were lower at the time of C-section but were not below 2 ng/mL in both the treatment and control groups because all bitches underwent C-section before natural parturition time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small pieces of uterine horn samples were collected from the interplacental areas during C-section. Tissue samples (1 cm × 1 cm) were cut into small pieces and fixed in 4% (wt/vol) paraformaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline for 48 h. Fixed tissue samples were embedded in a paraffin block, cut into sections (each 4 m thick), and placed on gelatin-coated slides for immunohistochemistry [ 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proliferation and apoptosis studies of interplacental areas after aglepristone treatment for planned cesarean section in pregnant bitches

Limmanont,

Ponglowhapan,

Tienthai

et al. 2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Progesterone (P4) is the main hormone for pregnancy maintenance, occurring approximately 62–64 days after ovulation in bitches. Progesterone acts by binding to specific receptors. Aglepristone is a progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist with a higher affinity for PR binding. There are no published studies on cell proliferation and apoptosis in the canine uterus at the time of parturition. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the local effects of aglepristone on cell proliferation and apoptosis of interplacental uterine tissue during planned cesarean section (C-section) in bitches. Materials and Methods: In this study, 13 client-owned French bulldogs were examined. Bitches were divided into treatment (n = 8) and control (n = 5) groups. Ovulation timing was predicted based on the serum P4 level on 62–64 days post-ovulation for parturition. Serum P4 levels were measured before (on 60-day post-ovulation) and on C-section day (on 61-day post-ovulation). Aglepristone (Alizine®), 15 mg/kg subcutaneously (SC), was administered on 60 days post-ovulation in the treatment group. A C-section was planned 20–24 h later, and interplacental uterine areas were collected from both groups during the C-section. Immunohistochemistry based on Ki-67 and TUNEL assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis in four different interplacental uterine tissue layers (epithelium, stroma, glandular epithelium, and myometrium). Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation. Kruskal–Wallis test was used for comparisons of more than two independent groups. P value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One bitch in the treatment group was excluded due to emergency C-section 8 h after aglepristone administration. Serum P4 levels (ng/mL) at 20–24 h before and at C-section were 6.09 ± 2.72 and 4.32 ± 2.2 in the treatment group (n = 7) and 5.45 ± 1.28 and 3.67 ± 1.89 in the control group (n = 5), respectively. Proliferation (PI) and apoptotic (AI) indices were <5% and >45%, respectively, in both the treatment (n = 5) and control (n = 3) groups. PI and AI were detected at interplacental areas. Conclusion: There were no significant differences in serum P4 levels or PI and AI indices between the groups. The PI <5% and AI was higher than 45% in both groups. Aglepristone did not have a direct effect on the serum P4 levels in both groups. These results correlated with the natural physiology of parturition preparation. Aglepristone 15 mg/kg SC injected 20–24 h before parturition had no effect on the P4 level, nor were any harmful effects observed for a planned C-section in pregnant bitches. Keywords: aglepristone, apoptosis, cesarean section, bitch, proliferation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proliferation and apoptosis studies of interplacental areas after aglepristone treatment for planned cesarean section in pregnant bitches

Limmanont,

Ponglowhapan,

Tienthai

et al. 2024

Vet World

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“…Pyometra is a bacterial infection of the uterus that causes uterine inflammation [5,31]. Aerobic bacteria are mostly bacteria isolated from pyometra samples [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the estrous cycle, the high estrogen level in the estrous phase plays an indirect role because it enhances the endometrial response to progesterone. In the luteal phase (diestrus), the progesterone level increases, leading to increased secretion from the endometrial glands, increased proliferation of the endometrium, and reduced myometrium contraction and cervix [4,5]. The repeated estrus cycle twice a year in a bitch is a predisposing cause of cystic endometrium hyperplasia (CEH).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on clinical aspects, blood profiles, bacterial isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and histopathology in canine pyometra in Thailand

Lansubsakul

Sirinarumitr

et al. 2022

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Canine pyometra, either the closed (closed pyometra [CP]) or open (open pyometra [OP]) cervix type, is a frequent uterine disease in intact old age bitches. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate medical and surgical treatments are crucial to avoid the life-threatening condition in these bitches. This study aimed to investigate clinical alterations, blood parameters, causative bacteria, antimicrobial susceptibility, and uterine histopathology obtained during aseptic surgical treatment on bitches with pyometra. Materials and Methods: Sixty bitches of various breeds and ages with presumptive pyometra diagnoses were included in the study. The diagnoses were based on history, clinical examination, blood parameters, radiography, and ultrasonography. All pyometra bitches were ovariohysterectomized as an emergency surgical treatment. In addition, uterine content and tissues were submitted for bacterial isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and uterine histopathological analysis. Results: Except for abdominal CP distention, no specific clinical signs were linked to the pyometra type. The mean values of total white blood cell count (WBC) and plasma protein were predominantly raised in pyometra bitches regarding hematological parameters. Leukocytosis was found in both types; however, the WBC in CP was markedly higher than in OP. The mean value of blood urea nitrogen increased in the CP group. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were the most frequent causative bacteria isolated in CP and OP, respectively. All isolated bacteria were 100% susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, and carbapenem. Marbofloxacin was the second most effective drug against isolated bacteria from both groups. Uncomplicated cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) was not presented in the CP group. CEH and chronic endometritis (type IV), the most severe uterine histopathological changes, were discovered in the CP and OP. Conclusion: The CP and OP groups presented leukocytosis, increased plasma protein, and CEH and chronic endometritis. Depression, abdominal distention, and enlarged uterine size were the major characteristics of the CP group. Furthermore, abdominal distension is presented in other abnormalities in clinical practices, providing a differential diagnosis. Drugs in the carbapenem group were the most effective against isolated bacteria; however, they are not routinely used due to bacterial resistance concerns. Thus, marbofloxacin was recommended as an alternative medical treatment because it is convenient to manage by both oral and injection routes.

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Case Report : Management of Open Pyometra on the Persian Queen

Fadhilla Taqwa,

Syah

2024

MKH

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Pyometra commonly occurs in female cats. There are two types of pyometra: open pyometra and closed pyometra. Open pyometra refers to purulent and bloody discharge from the vulva, while closed pyometra does not have any vaginal discharge; however, there is an enlarged abdomen from the fluid-filled uterus. A 2-year-old Persian queen with an enlargement abdomen was clinically diagnosed with open pyometra as there was vaginal discharge. Additional examination, such as ultrasonography, was also performed to establish the diagnosis. Using ultrasonography, hyperechoic imaging clearly showed in the uterine lumen of the uterus. Based on the following examinations, an ovariohysterectomy was performed to eliminate the source of infection. Anti-inflammatory and antibiotic drugs were administered post-surgery, and the patient fully recovered after one week of intensive care.

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Molecular studies on oestrogen α and progesterone receptors and histomorphometric analysis of canine uteri following aglepristone treatment

Abstract: The clinical trial was declared and included in animal approval letter by Animal Welfare Legislation of Kasetsart University No.

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Proliferation and apoptosis studies of interplacental areas after aglepristone treatment for planned cesarean section in pregnant bitches

Proliferation and apoptosis studies of interplacental areas after aglepristone treatment for planned cesarean section in pregnant bitches

First report on clinical aspects, blood profiles, bacterial isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and histopathology in canine pyometra in Thailand

Case Report : Management of Open Pyometra on the Persian Queen

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