Molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis in cattle, sheep and goats in an arid area of central Iran

Kiani-Salmi, Narges; Fattahi-Bafghi, Ali; Astani, Akram; Sazmand, Alireza; Zahedi, Alireza; Firoozi, Zohre; Ebrahimi, Behnam; Dehghani-Tafti, Arefeh; Ryan, Una; Mohajeri, Fateme Akrami

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104021

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The overall G. lamblia prevalence (9.2%) in cattle in this study was higher than that in cattle in Zhaoqing city, Guangdong Province (2.2%) [28], and Qinghai Province, China (5.2%) [29], an arid area of central Iran (4.2%) [30], Thailand (6.0%) [31], and Urmia, northwest Iran (9.34%) [32]; but lower than that in Guangdong Province (74.2%) [6], Hubei Province (22.6%) [33] and Sichuan Province, China (9.4%) [34]; Egypt (13.3%) [35], South Korea (10.0%) [36], Ethiopia (9.6%) [37] and Vietnam (13.8%) [38]. The difference in G. lamblia prevalence may be related to difference in study design, breed and age of cattle studied and sampling size.…”

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confidence: 57%

Prevalence and Multilocus Genotyping of Giardia lamblia in Cattle in Jiangxi Province, China: Novel Assemblage E Subtypes Identified

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2020

Korean J Parasitol

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Giardia lamblia is a common enteric pathogen associated with diarrheal diseases. There are some reports of G. lamblia infection among different breeds of cattle in recent years worldwide. However, it is yet to know whether cattle in Jiangxi province, southeastern China is infected with G. lamblia. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the prevalence and examine the multilocus genotypes of G. lamblia in cattle in Jiangxi province. A total of 556 fecal samples were collected from 3 cattle breeds (dairy cattle, beef cattle, and buffalo) in Jiangxi province, and the prevalence and genotypes of G. lamblia were determined by the nested PCR amplification of the beta-giardin (bg) gene. A total of 52 samples (9.2%) were positive for G. lamblia. The highest prevalence of G. lamblia was detected in dairy cattle (20.0%), followed by that in beef cattle (6.4%), and meat buffalo (0.9%). Multilocus sequence typing of G. lamblia was performed based on sequences of the bg, triose phosphate isomerase and glutamate dehydrogenase loci, and 22, 42, and 52 samples were amplifiable, respectively, forming 15 MLGs. Moreover, one mixed G. lamblia infection (assemblages A and E) was found in the present study. Altogether, 6 novel assemblage E subtypes (E41*-E46*) were identified for the first time. These results not only provided baseline data for the control of G. lamblia infection in cattle in this southeastern province of China, but also enriched the molecular epidemiological data and genetic diversity of G. lamblia in cattle.

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contrasting

confidence: 57%

Prevalence and Multilocus Genotyping of Giardia lamblia in Cattle in Jiangxi Province, China: Novel Assemblage E Subtypes Identified

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2020

Korean J Parasitol

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“…In Iran, human giardiasis has been reported at infection rates ranging from 5% to 23% in different parts of the country [29]. Documented animal prevalences were 5-16% in goats, 6-20% in sheep, and 4% in cattle [30,31]; however, molecular [1,21,32,33]. These surveys coincide to identify assemblage A, sub-assemblage AII as the predominant G. duodenalis genetic variant circulating in Iranian human population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Southwestern Iran. A community survey

et al. 2020

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Giardia duodenalis is one of the main enteric pathogens associated with diarrheal disease. In developing countries, giardiasis is a major public health concern, particularly in children under five years of age. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and genetic diversity of G. duodenalis causing human infections in Shushtar County, Southwestern Iran. Individual faecal specimens were collected from 1,163 individuals (male/female ratio: 0.9; age range 2-75 years) with (n = 258) and without (n = 905) gastrointestinal symptoms living in rural and urban settings during the period 2017-2018. Conventional (sucrose flotation and microscopy) methods were used for the initial detection of G. duodenalis cysts in faecal specimens. Microscopy-positive samples were confirmed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the small subunit rRNA (ssu rRNA) gene of the parasite. A multilocus genotyping (MLG) scheme targeting the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and the beta-giardin (bg) genes was used for genotyping purposes. Giardia duodenalis cysts were detected in 7.7% (90/1,163) of samples by microscopy, of which 82 were confirmed by ssu-PCR. Successful amplification and sequencing results were obtained for 23.2% (19/82), 9.8% (8/82), and 8.5% (7/82) of the confirmed samples at the tpi, gdh, and bg loci, respectively. MLG data for the three loci were available for two samples only. Out of the 24 samples genotyped at any loci, 50% (12/24) were identified as assemblage A and the remaining half as assemblage B. Overall, AII was the most prevalent sub-assemblage detected (41.7%, 10/ 24), followed by BIII (25.0%, 6/24), discordant BIII/BIV (5/24) or AII/AIII (2/24) sequences, and BIV (1/24). No significant correlation was demonstrated between a given assemblage/ sub-assemblage and the occurrence of clinical symptoms. No genotypes adapted to animal hosts other than humans (e.g. assemblages C-F) were found circulating in the investigated human population, suggesting that transmission of human giardiasis in this Iranian region is primarily of anthroponotic nature. Further molecular-based studies are needed to confirm and expand these results, and to ascertain the presence and public health relevance of the parasite in environmental (e.g. drinking water) samples.

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“…The identification of G. intestinalis is usually based on molecular methods using the following five genes: glutamate dehydrogenase, beta-giardin, elongation factor-1 alpha, triose phosphate isomerase and small subunit rRNA ( SSU rRNA ) [1] . The current molecular methods of the identification of Giardia required scientist to extract DNA from homogenized faeces using commercial kit [2] , which may be expensive for developing regions. Furthermore, there are no methods to directly isolate living Giardia trophozoites from their host animals at present.…”

Section: Methods Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Trophozoites of Giardia species. A Trophozoite of G. cricetidarum ; B Trophozoite of G. muris ; C Trophozoite of G. microti ; D Trophozoite of G. agilis [2] . Scale-bars: A, B, C 10 µm; D 20 µm.…”

Section: Methods Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid and inexpensive method for the isolation and identification of Giardia

Lyu

Wen

2020

MethodsX

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This work details a protocol for the isolation of Giardia species from their host animals and their identification based on their morphological and molecular characteristics. Giardia are intestinal protozoan parasites found in almost all vertebrates and the epidemiology of Giardia has attracted the attention of scientists due to their harm to humans and live stocks worldwide. Giardia trophozoites adhere to the surface of host's intestines using their ventral disc, and they also adhere the culture tube wall during in vitro culturing. We developed a method of isolating Giardia trophozoites according to this phenomenon, and a method of isolating Giardia cysts according to their special density as well. We validated the protocol by isolating and identifying Giardia species from their host animals, and all the results support that this methodology has a certain validity. It could help the further epidemiological researches and other researches requiring relatively pure living organism as materials of this harmful parasite. An isolation method with high efficiency which remains the physiological activity of isolated Giardia . An identification method with high accuracy which avoids the influences from other organisms. Low-cost, fast and convenient methodology.

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Molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis in cattle, sheep and goats in an arid area of central Iran

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence and Multilocus Genotyping of Giardia lamblia in Cattle in Jiangxi Province, China: Novel Assemblage E Subtypes Identified

Prevalence and Multilocus Genotyping of Giardia lamblia in Cattle in Jiangxi Province, China: Novel Assemblage E Subtypes Identified

Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Southwestern Iran. A community survey

A rapid and inexpensive method for the isolation and identification of Giardia

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