Molecularly imprinted nanoparticles prepared by miniemulsion polymerization as selective receptors and new carriers for the sustained release of carbamazepine

Abstract

Water-compatible imprinted nanoparticles were prepared for carbamazepine as a template and used for the selective extraction and controlled release of carbamazepine. Assay materials and drug delivery carriers were typically used in aqueous environments, so it is generally preferable to prepare solvent-free molecularly imprinted nanoparticles in water using the miniemulsion polymerization method. The present work investigates a bio-analytical strategy generically applicable to imprinted materials for molecular recognition studies, including equilibrium and non-equilibrium binding, and release experiments, increasing the knowledge of the molecular interactions between the template molecules and imprinted nanoparticles. The results showed that the imprinted nanoparticles exhibited a higher binding level and slower release rate than non-imprinted nanoparticles. The selectivity of imprinted nanoparticles for carbamazepine studied in comparison with an analogue compound, oxcarbazepine, the main metabolite of carbamazepine. The recovery and selectivity of carbamazepine in human serum was determined to be 100%, 1.7 times that of oxcarbazepine. The results indicated that carbamazepine-imprinted nanoparticles are appropriate for serum level determination of the drug in therapeutic range. The template to functional monomer ratio as a key factor controlling the recognition and release kinetic mechanism of imprinted nanoparticles is discussed. The imprinted nanoparticles prepared at the appropriate template to functional monomer mole ratio (2:8) exhibited the best drug affinity (5.1 times higher) and a slower drug release rate due to the interaction of carbamazepine with the imprinted cavities within the nanoparticles. Loaded imprinted nanoparticles as drug reservoirs were able to prolong carbamazepine release, in 1% wt sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution, for more than 8 days.

Molecular Imprinted Silica with West Nile Antibody Templates show Specific and Selective Binding in Immunoassays

“…The AIFI of MIPs in the presence of BSA or BGG was similar to all NIP samples with overlapping SD values; thus, there was no statistical difference between any of the controls. These factors compare favourably with literature where imprinting factors of 4-8 and selectivity coefficients of 5-7 have been reported [29][30][31]. All p-values were below 0.0015 when comparing MIPs to NIPs or any of its controls.…”

Emulsion Techniques for the Production of Pharmacological Nanoparticles

“…Size, size distribution, and surface charge of drug carriers are important for the penetration of such carriers across the cell membrane. Drug delivery carriers are generally preferable to prepare solvent‐free nanoparticles to avoid toxicity from solvents . The drug carriers include liposomes, polymeric particles, core–shell particles, micelles, and dendrimers.…”

Paclitaxel-loaded poly(glycolide-co-ε-caprolactone)-b-D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 2000 succinate nanoparticles for lung cancer therapy

“…19 A large number of anticancer drugs can be delivered by using NPs, such as docetaxel, 20 puerarin, 21 PTX, and doxorubicin. 22,23 Furthermore, NPs can also be used as targeted administration to specific cells and organs. 24 Recently, some attention has been paid to biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, such as polylactide (PLA), polyglycolide (PGA), and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), for applications in the field of drug delivery and tissue engineering.…”