Molybdenum isotopic compositions in volcanic rocks from Northern Izu arc (Izu-Oshima, Niijima, and Kozushima)

Abstract

Variations in Mo isotopic ratios (δ 98/95 Mo values) in volcanic arc lavas reflect various processes occurring beneath island arcs, including slab dehydration, mantle melting, and crystal fractionation, making this tracer important in recent geochemistry. Previous studies of Mo isotopes have focused primarily on samples from the volcanic front (VF) of oceanic island arcs, and only a limited number of studies have been conducted on volcanoes in the rear arc (RA) regions. To better understand the behavior of Mo isotopes in subduction zones, we focused on the Northern Izu (N-Izu) arc and determined major and trace element abundances and δ 98/95 Mo values in basaltic samples from one VF (Izu-Oshima) and two RA (Niijima and Kozushima) islands. The N-Izu basalts are characterized by relatively uniform Zr/Hf ratios with systematic decrease in Ba/Th and increase in Ce/Mo ratios with increasing depth of the Wadati-Benioff zone, indicating a gradual decrease in the contribution of aqueous fluids from the subducting slab to a chemically homogeneous mantle wedge.Similarly, the δ 98/95 Mo values in the N-Izu basalts decrease with increasing slab depth from Izu Oshima (+0.11 ± 0.09‰) to Niijima (-0.14 ± 0.05‰) and Kozushima (-0.20 ± 0.21‰). The most straightforward interpretation for the elevated δ 98/95 Mo values in the N-Izu VF basalts is the contribution of slab-derived aqueous fluid enriched in heavy Mo isotopes to the source mantle of the VF volcanoes, due to the presence of residual minerals in the slab in which light Mo isotopes are preferentially distributed. In contrast, the low δ 98/95 Mo values in the RA basalts, which are as low as the mean MORB value (-0.18‰), suggest that the slab-derived fluid in the RA region is depleted in heavy Mo isotopes as a result of the continuous loss of heavy Mo isotopes via slab dehydration in the VF region, while other possibilities, including the incorporation of slab melts containing sedimentary components, cannot be ruled out.