Monitoring Global Poverty

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doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1602-4_ch1

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The gap in resources between the affluent and the poor has been steadily increasing and global extreme poverty (individual income < United States [U.S.] $1.90/day) increased in 2020, the first time in over two decades to 9.2%, after falling to a low of 8% in 2019 (3). Over 40% of the world lived on less than the U.S. $5.50 a day in 2017 with most of the extreme poverty concentrated in Africa (3). The prevalence of extreme poverty in the U.S. is very low by global standards (3).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Over 40% of the world lived on less than the U.S. $5.50 a day in 2017 with most of the extreme poverty concentrated in Africa (3). The prevalence of extreme poverty in the U.S. is very low by global standards (3). However, the U.S. has one of the highest rates of poverty in the developed world and the worst index of health and social problems as a function of income inequality (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Poverty, Racism, and the Public Health Crisis in America

Beech

Ford

Thorpe

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

109

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The purpose of this article is to discuss poverty as a multidimensional factor influencing health. We will also explicate how racism contributes to and perpetuates the economic and financial inequality that diminishes prospects for population health improvement among marginalized racial and ethnic groups. Poverty is one of the most significant challenges for our society in this millennium. Over 40% of the world lives in poverty. The U.S. has one of the highest rates of poverty in the developed world, despite its collective wealth, and the burden falls disproportionately on communities of color. A common narrative for the relatively high prevalence of poverty among marginalized minority communities is predicated on racist notions of racial inferiority and frequent denial of the structural forms of racism and classism that have contributed to public health crises in the United States and across the globe. Importantly, poverty is much more than just a low-income household. It reflects economic well-being, the ability to negotiate society relative to education of an individual, socioeconomic or health status, as well as social exclusion based on institutional policies, practices, and behaviors. Until structural racism and economic injustice can be resolved, the use of evidence-based prevention and early intervention initiatives to mitigate untoward effects of socioeconomic deprivation in communities of color such as the use of social media/culturally concordant health education, social support, such as social networks, primary intervention strategies, and more will be critical to address the persistent racial/ethnic disparities in chronic diseases.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Poverty, Racism, and the Public Health Crisis in America

Beech

Ford

Thorpe

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

109

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“…As discussed above, societal poverty conveniently combines elements of absolute and relative poverty below which a life of dignity is compromised, while acknowledging that standards of living evolve over time and might change as countries become richer. A country’s societal poverty line is defined as: SPL = max (US$1.90, US$1.00 + 0.5 × median ), where median is the daily median level of income or consumption per capita [ 2 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, global estimates of persons with disabilities are highly imprecise, while there are no such estimates of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) people. This contrasts with the numerous global income poverty estimates, global multidimensional poverty estimates, and global child poverty estimates [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Social exclusion concepts, measurement, and a global estimate

Cuesta,

López-Noval,

Niño-Zarazúa

2024

PLoS ONE

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Multiple estimates exist of global monetary and multidimensional poverty, but populations at risk of social exclusion still lack a worldwide estimate. This paper fills this gap by providing the first estimates of the share and number of populations at risk of social exclusion worldwide. The paper contributes to the literature in three important respects. First, it develops a conceptual framework of social exclusion that emphasizes the relative, multidimensional, and dynamic features of exclusion. Second, it proposes a macro-counting methodology that allows measuring populations at risk of exclusion based on identity, circumstances, and socioeconomic conditions, while advancing a protocol to avoid double counting of individuals at risk of social exclusion. Third, the empirical strategy provides to the best of our knowledge, the first estimates of populations at risk of social exclusion by dimensions of exclusion on a global and regional scale. Overall, we estimate that between 2.33 and 2.43 billion people—roughly 32 per cent of the global population—are at risk of social exclusion. The South Asia and East Asia and Pacific regions contain 1.3 billion such people, with India and China alone home to 840 million of them. Meanwhile, 52 per cent of sub-Saharan Africa’s population is vulnerable to exclusion, the greatest share of any region. Our findings have important policy implications. While antipoverty policies can support household consumption and smooth its volatility among the poor, they are unlikely to address social exclusion stemming from ethnic, racial, or gender discrimination. Therefore, addressing exclusion necessitates a suite of multiple interventions tailored to distinct groups and sustained over time.

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“…A recent report from the World Bank noted that people in the bottom 40% of the income distribution disproportionally often live in rural areas ( World Bank, 2020 ). Worldwide rurality seems to be an area with a heightened poverty risk.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rich cities, poor countryside? Social structure of the poor and poverty risks in urban and rural places in an affluent country

Hümbelin

Hobi

Fluder

2022

Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit

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This paper contributes to the field of regional poverty literature by using linked tax data to examine poverty in a large district in Switzerland with one million inhabitants and rural and urban parts. We measure poverty using income and asset-based approaches. Our regional comparison of the social structure of the poor shows that poor people in rural areas are more likely to be of retirement age. Among the workforce, the share of poor is larger for those who work in agriculture compared to those working in industry or the service sector. In urban areas, the poor are more often freelancers and people of foreign origin. Despite where they live, people with little education, single parents, and people working in gastronomy/tourism are disproportionately often poor. We then use a random forest based variable importance assessment to clarify whether the importance of poverty risks factors differs in urban and rural locations. It shows little regional differences among the major poverty risk factors, and it demonstrates that the opportunity structure, like density of workplaces or aggravated access in mountain areas, seem to be of minor importance compared to risk factors that relate to the immediate social situation.

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Monitoring Global Poverty

Cited by 16 publications

References 84 publications

Poverty, Racism, and the Public Health Crisis in America

Poverty, Racism, and the Public Health Crisis in America

Social exclusion concepts, measurement, and a global estimate

Rich cities, poor countryside? Social structure of the poor and poverty risks in urban and rural places in an affluent country

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