Monitoring ice break-up on the Mackenzie River using MODIS data

Muhammad, P.; Duguay, Claude R.; Kang, Kyung-Kuk

doi:10.5194/tc-10-569-2016

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Consequently, the MOD35 CM products provide a variety of information on cloud mask, sun glint, snow/ice, heavy aerosol, thin cirrus, shadow, and information on whether it is day/night and if the clouds are present over land and water [30]. However, the problem with the MODIS CM is that it misidentifies snow [30,32,34] and ice [35] as clouds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Maritime Cloud-Detection Method Using Visible and Near-Infrared Bands over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

et al. 2022

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Accurate cloud-masking procedures to distinguish cloud-free pixels from cloudy pixels are essential for optical satellite remote sensing. Many studies on satellite-based cloud-detection have been performed using the spectral characteristics of clouds in terms of reflectance and temperature. This study proposes a cloud-detection method using reflectance in four bands: 0.56 μm, 0.86 μm, 1.38 μm, and 1.61 μm. Methodologically, we present a conversion relationship between the normalized difference water index (NDWI) and the green band in the visible spectrum for thick cloud detection using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations. NDWI consists of reflectance at the 0.56 and 0.86 μm bands. For thin cloud detection, the 1.38 and 1.61 μm bands were applied with empirically determined threshold values. Case study analyses for the four seasons from 2000 to 2019 were performed for the sea surface area of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. In the case studies, the comparison of the proposed cloud-detection method with the MODIS cloud mask (CM) and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation data indicated a probability of detection of 0.933, a false-alarm ratio of 0.086, and a Heidke Skill Score of 0.753. Our method demonstrated an additional important benefit in distinguishing clouds from sea ice or yellow dust, compared to the MODIS CM products, which usually misidentify the latter as clouds. Consequently, our cloud-detection method could be applied to a variety of low-orbit and geostationary satellites with 0.56, 0.86, 1.38, and 1.61 μm bands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Maritime Cloud-Detection Method Using Visible and Near-Infrared Bands over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

et al. 2022

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“…Indeed, spaceborne instruments provide observational capabilities that can be used to map and monitor many river ice parameters. For example, optical sensors, such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), have been used to map the river ice extent and phenology, including freeze-up and breakup dates (Pavelsky and Smith, 2004;Chaouch et al, 2014;Chu and Lindenschmidt, 2016;Muhammad et al, 2016;Cooley and Pavelsky, 2016;Beaton et al, 2019). However, the presence of extensive cloud cover for many months of the year and low solar illumination conditions, particularly during the freeze-up period, are limiting factors for monitoring river ice at high latitudes using optical sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

River ice phenology and thickness from satellite altimetry: potential for ice bridge road operation and climate studies

et al. 2021

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Abstract. River ice is a key component of the cryosphere. Satellite monitoring of river ice is a rapidly developing area of scientific enquiry, which has wide-ranging implications for climate, environmental and socioeconomic applications. Spaceborne radar altimetry is widely used for monitoring river water regimes; however, its potential for the observation of river ice processes and properties has not been demonstrated yet. Using Ku-band backscatter measurements from the Jason-2 and Jason-3 satellite missions (2008–2019), we demonstrate the potential of radar altimetry for the retrieval of river ice phenology dates and ice thickness for the first time. The altimetric measurements were determined to be sensitive enough to detect the first appearance of ice and the beginning of thermal breakup on the lower Ob River (Western Siberia). The uncertainties in the retrieval of ice event timing were within the 10 d repeat cycle of Jason-2 and Jason-3 in 88 %–90 % of the cases analysed. The uncertainties in the river ice thickness retrievals made via empirical relations between the satellite backscatter measurements and in situ observations, expressed as the root mean square error (RMSE), were of 0.07–0.18 m. A novel application of radar altimetry is the prediction of ice bridge road operations, which is demonstrated herein. We established that the dates of ferry closing and ice road opening and closing in the city of Salekhard can be predicted with an accuracy (expressed as RMSE) of 3–5 d.

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“…Ice breakup related floods can increase water levels to much higher elevations than open-water floods 15 (Beltaos and Carter, 2009). This is one of the most important annual hydrologic events in cold regions (Muhammad et al, 2016). Floods are at the origin of significant surface water storage in the delta (Holmes et al, 2012;Pithan and Mauritsen, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of surface water volume changes in the Mackenzie Delta using satellite multi-mission data

Normandin¹,

Frappart²,

Lubac³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Quantification of surface water storage in extensive floodplains and their dynamics are crucial for a better understanding of global hydrological and biogeochemical cycles. In this study, we present estimates of both 15 surface water extent and storage combining multi-missions remotely-sensed observations and their temporal evolution over more than 15 years in the Mackenzie Delta. The Mackenzie Delta is located in the North West of Canada and is the second largest delta in the Arctic Ocean. The delta is frozen from October to May and the recurrent ice break up provokes an increase of the river's flows. Thus, this phenomenon causes intensive floods along the delta every year with dramatic environmental impacts. In this study, the dynamics of surface water 20 extent and volume analyzed from 2000 to 2015 by combining multi-satellite information from MODIS multispectral images at 500 m spatial resolution and river stages derived from ERS-2 (1995ERS-2 ( -2003, ENVISAT (2002ENVISAT ( -2010 and SARAL (since 2013) altimetry data. The surface water extent (permanent water and flooded area) peaked in June with an area of 9,600 km² (+/-200 km²) on average, representing approximately 70% of the delta's total surface. Altimetry-based water levels exhibit annual amplitudes ranging from 4 m in the downstream part to 25 more than 10 m in the upstream part of the Mackenzie Delta. A high overall correlation between the satellitederived and in situ water heights (R>0.84) is found for the three altimetry missions. Finally, using altimetry-based water levels and MODIS-derived surface water extents, maps of interpolated water heights over the surface water extents are produced. Results indicate a high variability of the water height magnitude that can reach 10 meters compared to the lowest water height in the upstream part of the delta during the flood peak in June. Furthermore, 30 the total surface water volume is estimated and shows an annual variation of approximately 8.5 km 3 during the whole study period, with a maximum of 14.4 km 3 observed in 2006. The good agreement between the total surface water volume retrievals and in situ river discharges (R=0.66) allows validating this innovative multi-mission approach and highlights the high potential to study the surface water extent dynamics.

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Monitoring ice break-up on the Mackenzie River using MODIS data

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

A Maritime Cloud-Detection Method Using Visible and Near-Infrared Bands over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

A Maritime Cloud-Detection Method Using Visible and Near-Infrared Bands over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

River ice phenology and thickness from satellite altimetry: potential for ice bridge road operation and climate studies

Quantification of surface water volume changes in the Mackenzie Delta using satellite multi-mission data

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