Monitoring land use and soil salinity changes in coastal landscape: a case study from Senegal

Abstract

Soil salinity is a major issue causing land degradation in coastal areas. In this study, we assessed the land use and soil salinity changes in Djilor district (Senegal) using remote sensing and field data. We performed land use land cover changes for the years 1984, 1994, 2007, and 2017. Electrical conductivity was measured from 300 soil samples collected at the study area; this, together with elevation, distance to river, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Salinity Index (SI), and Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), was used to build the salinity model using a multiple regression analysis. Supervised classification and intensity analysis were applied to determine the annual change area and the variation of gains and losses. The results showed that croplands recorded the highest gain (17%) throughout the period 1984–2017, while forest recorded 3%. The fastest annual area of change occurred during the period 1984–1994. The salinity model showed a high potential for mapping saline areas (R2 = 0.73 and RMSE = 0.68). Regarding salinity change, the slightly saline areas (2 < EC < 4 dS/m) increased by 42% whereas highly saline (EC > 8 dS/m) and moderately saline (4 < EC < 8 dS/m) areas decreased by 23% and 26%, respectively, in 2017. Additionally, the increasing salt content is less dominant in vegetated areas compared with non-vegetated areas. Nonetheless, the highly concentrated salty areas can be restored using salt-resistant plants (e.g., Eucalyptus sp., Tamarix sp.). This study gives more insights on land use planning and salinity management for improving farmers’ resilience in coastal regions.

From Wooded Savannah to Farmland and Settlement: Population Growth, Drought, Energy Needs and Cotton Price Incentives Driving Changes in Wacoro, Mali

“…This phenomenon was exacerbated by the national policy facilitating access to agriculture inputs for cotton farming [54]. Similar results were observed in neighboring countries, Burkina Faso [44] and Senegal [55]. We therefore advocate that any new agriculture development policy or strategy (such as cotton price incentives) should always be accompanied by an assessment of their potential environmental impacts and the design of adequate mitigation measures to ensure sustainable land use.…”

From Wooded Savannah to Farmland and Settlement: Population Growth, Drought, Energy Needs and Cotton Price Incentives Driving Changes in Wacoro, Mali

“…Deforestation from both agricultural activity and settlement is therefore a driving factor in land cover changes [50]. Similar results were observed in neighboring countries, respectively Burkina Faso [35] and Senegal [51]. Incentives for cotton production need to be consider in land management practices for the Sahel.…”

An Overview of Soil Moisture and Salinity Sensors for Digital Agriculture Applications

“…Wu et al [119] reported that the overall accuracy of Landsat in soil salinity detection from 1973 to 2006 was approximately 90.2%. Combining proximal instruments with remote sensing systems is advantageous in precision evaluating soil salinity [120]. Bouaziz et al [121] extracted 18 indicators from MODIS Terra data to improve salinity prediction patterns in northeastern Brazil and recognized a moderate correlation between EC and spectral indices.…”