Monitoring of Host Suitability and Defense-Related Genes in Wheat to Bipolaris sorokiniana

Alkan, Mehtap; Bayraktar, Harun; İmren, Mustafa; Özdemir, Fatih; Lahlali, Rachid; Mokrını, Fouad; Paulitz, Timothy C.; Dababat, Abdelfattah A.; Özer, Göksel

doi:10.3390/jof8020149

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Similarly, B . sorokiniana causes a number of diseases, including common root rot, spot blotch, and black point on wheat roots, leaves, and kernels, in that order [ 29 , 32 ]. The pathogen also can attack other wheat organs, such as the crown and stems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan

Bozoğlu

İmren

Amer

et al. 2022

JoF

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Kazakhstan is the fourteenth largest wheat producer in the world. Despite this fact, there has not been a comprehensive survey of wheat root and crown rot. A quantitative survey was conducted for the purpose of establishing the distribution of fungi associated with root and crown rot on wheat (Triticum spp.). During the 2019 growing season, samples were taken from the affected plants’ roots and stem bases. A total of 1221 fungal isolates were acquired from 65 sites across the central (Karagandy region), eastern (East Kazakhstan region), and southeastern (Almaty region) parts of the country and identified using morphological and molecular tools. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) sequences were successfully used to identify the species of fungal isolates. It was found that Bipolaris sorokiniana (44.80%) and Fusarium acuminatum (20.39%) were the most predominant fungal species isolated, which were present in 86.15 and 66.15% of the fields surveyed, respectively, followed by F. equiseti (10.16%), Curvularia spicifera (7.62%), F. culmorum (4.75%), F. oxysporum (4.10%), F. redolens (2.38%), Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1 (1.06%), Nigrospora oryzae (0.98%), C. inaequalis (0.90%), F. pseudograminearum (0.74%), F. flocciferum (0.74%), Macrophomina phaseolina (0.66%), F. cf. incarnatum (0.33%), Fusarium sp. (0.25%), and F. torulosum (0.16%). A total of 74 isolates representing 16 species were tested via inoculation tests on the susceptible Triticum aestivum cv. Seri 82 and the results revealed that F. culmorum and F. pseudograminearum, B. sorokiniana, Fusarium sp., R. solani, F. redolens, C. spicifera, C. inaequalis, and N. oryzae were virulent, whereas others were non-pathogenic. The findings of this investigation demonstrate the presence of a diverse spectrum of pathogenic fungal species relevant to wheat crown and root rot in Kazakhstan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of F. pseudograminearum, Fusarium sp., C. spicifera, and C. inaequalis as pathogens on wheat in Kazakhstan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan

Bozoğlu

İmren

Amer

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…In fact, a slight induction of SOD expression was detected in a susceptible wheat cultivar infected with B. sorokiniana even in later periods of infection (72 and 96 h after inoculation), presumably associated with the development of tissue necrosis induced by ROS (Alkan et al . 2022). Interestingly, when comparing different barley cultivars infected with the fungal pathogen Pyrephona teres causing necrotic symptoms, SOD enzyme activity was lowest at early time points after infection in the most resistant cultivar (Kunos et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat shock‐induced enhanced susceptibility of barley to Bipolaris sorokiniana is associated with elevated ROS production and plant defence‐related gene expression

Künstler,

Füzék,

Schwarczinger

et al. 2023

Plant Biol J

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Heat stress alters plant defence responses to pathogens. Short‐term heat shock promotes infections by biotrophic pathogens. However, little is known about how heat shock affects infection by hemibiotrophic pathogens like Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph: Cochliobolus sativus). We assessed the effect of heat shock in B. sorokiniana‐susceptible barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Ingrid) by monitoring leaf spot symptoms, B. sorokiniana biomass, ROS and plant defence‐related gene expression following pre‐exposure to heat shock. For heat shock, barley plants were kept at 49 °C for 20 s. B. sorokiniana biomass was assessed by qPCR, ROS levels determined by histochemical staining, while gene expression was assayed by RT‐qPCR. Heat shock suppressed defence responses of barley to B. sorokiniana, resulting in more severe necrotic symptoms and increased fungal biomass, as compared to untreated plants. Heat shock‐induced increased susceptibility was accompanied by significant increases in ROS (superoxide, H2O2). Transient expression of plant defence‐related antioxidant genes and a barley programmed cell death inhibitor (HvBI‐1) were induced in response to heat shock. However, heat shock followed by B. sorokiniana infection caused further transient increases in expression of HvSOD and HvBI‐1 correlated with enhanced susceptibility. Expression of the HvPR‐1b gene encoding pathogenesis‐related protein‐1b increased several fold 24 h after B. sorokiniana infection, however, heat shock further increased transcript levels along with enhanced susceptibility. Heat shock induces enhanced susceptibility of barley to B. sorokiniana, associated with elevated ROS levels and expression of plant defence‐related genes encoding antioxidants, a cell death inhibitor, and PR‐1b. Our results may contribute to elucidating the influence of heat shock on barley defence responses to hemibiotrophic pathogens.

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“…B. sorokiniana causes spot blotch, black point, and root rot (Al-Sadi, 2021). Spot blotch can cause significant losses (15%-43%) in warm areas (Gupta et al, 2018;Al-Sadi, 2021;Alkan et al, 2022). Symptoms situated on the leaf, sheath, node, and glumes appear as small light brown and oval lesions.…”

Section: Diseases Caused By Bipolaris Sorokinianamentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput and point-of-care detection of wheat fungal diseases: Potentialities of molecular and phenomics techniques toward in-field applicability

Francesconi

2022

Front. Agron.

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The wheat crop is one of the most cultivated and consumed commodities all over the world. Fungal diseases are of particular concern for wheat cultivation since they cause great losses and reduced quality, and also for the accumulation of toxin compounds into the final product. In this scenario, optimal disease management strategies are a key point to boosting food production and sustainability in agriculture. Innovative and point-of-care diagnostic technologies represent a powerful weapon for early detection of fungal pathogens and preventively counteract diseases on wheat with the aim to drastically reduce the fungicides as inputs. Indeed, in-field diagnostics devices are fast, sensitive, and ready-to-use technologies able to promptly detect a low inoculum concentration even at the pre-symptomatic stage of the disease. Promising isothermal molecular and phenomics-based methods have been developed to detect wheat fungal pathogens directly in the field. Such technologies could be potentially coupled to directly detect the presence of a certain pathogen and indirectly disclose the plant-pathogen interactions since spectral-based methodologies detect host perturbations following the infection. The present review reports the main in-field isothermal molecular-based and phenomics-based detection technologies for fungal pathogens in wheat discussing their advantages, disadvantages, and potential applications in the near future.

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Monitoring of Host Suitability and Defense-Related Genes in Wheat to Bipolaris sorokiniana

Cited by 19 publications

References 76 publications

Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan

Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan

Heat shock‐induced enhanced susceptibility of barley to Bipolaris sorokiniana is associated with elevated ROS production and plant defence‐related gene expression

High-throughput and point-of-care detection of wheat fungal diseases: Potentialities of molecular and phenomics techniques toward in-field applicability

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