Monkeypox – A danger approaching Asia

Liu, Xiaoning; Zhu, Zheng; Miao, Qiqi; Lim, Jia Wen; Lu, Hongzhou

doi:10.5582/bst.2022.01343

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In 2022, atypical mpox outbreaks occurred in many non-endemic countries, including the US, Europe, the Middle East, the Western Pacific region, South Korea, and Japan [ 34 , 35 ]. Thornhill et al found that 98% of people diagnosed with mpox in 16 countries between April 27 and June 24, 2022 were gay or bisexual men [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of mpox-related knowledge among men who have sex with men in China

et al. 2023

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Background With the rapid spread of the mpox epidemic, cases have emerged in multiple countries, mainly among men who have sex with men. Because of the connectedness of today’s world, countries have to be prepared to face risks in advance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate awareness of mpox-related knowledge among men who have sex with men in China. Methods With the assistance of the social organizations of men who have sex with men, a cross-sectional survey of men who have sex with men in China was conducted through an online questionnaire between July 1 and July 18, 2022. A nationwide sample of Chinese men who have sex with men (N = 3,257) was recruited. Results Only 36.9% of participants had mpox-related knowledge. Awareness of mpox-related knowledge among respondents was positively associated with those in older age groups (33 to 42 years and 51 years or older) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.67, AOR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.16–2.24; respectively), married (AOR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.09–2.19), and those with a graduate degree or above (AOR = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.11–4.13), while negatively associated with those living in the western parts of China (AOR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.60–0.92), and those who were unsure of their history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status (AOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.30–0.63). Conclusion Mpox-related knowledge is fairly low among men who have sex with men in China. China needs to spread knowledge to the public through multiple channels, especially in key populations (men who have sex with men, HIV-infected, etc.), and take preventive measures to effectively avoid outbreaks of mpox.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of mpox-related knowledge among men who have sex with men in China

et al. 2023

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“…Vaccines for the prevention of MPX in high-risk groups or post-exposure prophylaxis are still smallpox-specific vaccines. The use of smallpox vaccine for MPX prevention is still mainly restricted to high-risk groups or health personnel who treat MPX, but mass vaccination against MPX has not been required or recommended [2]. Many patients infected with MPX have mild symptoms and can recover without any medical treatment [52].…”

Section: Vaccines and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the end of June 2022, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of MPX cases globally. WHO has declared the MPX epidemic a worldwide public health emergency due to its re-emergence, re-emerging health threat, and potential spread [2]. By July 21, 2022, WHO declared 15,734 laboratories confirmed MPX infection cases in 75 countries on five continents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Monkeypox: Re-Emerging Infectious Disease and One Health Strategy"

Wang

2024

BJSTR

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World Health Organization (WHO) has announced the monkeypox (MPX) epidemic as a global public health emergency due to its re-emergence, remarkable increase in the number of MPX cases worldwide, and its potential spread. This paper introduces the symptoms, complications, and features of MPX; its transmission, diagnosis and testing, vaccines, and treatment; MPX and sexually transmitted diseases, especially the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); possible natural hosts or reservoirs of the monkeypox virus (MPXV). A useful tool for MPX and surgical safety recommendations are presented. The challenges in fighting the MPX epidemic, the One Health strategy, and future research are discussed.

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“…MPXV contains a mutant F3L gene, 53 corresponding to a truncated version of VACV E3. However, due to extragenic or other causes, this MPXV‐specific protein is completely capable in function in inhibiting type I IFN responses 54 .…”

Section: Mpox Virus and Immune Cells And Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on Mpox virus infection immunopathogenesis

Saghazadeh

Rezaei

2023

Reviews in Medical Virology

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An immunocompromised status has been associated with more odds of being infected with Mpox virus (MPXV) and progressing to severe disease. This aligns with the importance of immune competence for MPXV control and clearance. We and others have previously reviewed parallels between MPXV and other viruses belonging to the Poxviridae in affecting the immune system. This article reviews studies providing direct evidence of the MPXV-immune interactions. The wideranging effects of MPXV on the immune system, from stimulation to modulation to memory, are broadly categorised, followed by a detailing of these effects on the immune cells and molecules, including natural killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, cytokines, interferons, chemokines, and complement. K E Y W O R D Simmune system, Mpox virus, MPXV | INTRODUCTIONAfter about 80 years of its presence in endemic regions, the Mpox virus (MPXV) will be a cause of the outbreak in non-endemic regions in 2022. 1 From May 2022, when the MPXV outbreak occurred, until 23 December 2022, when writing this piece, more than 83,000 cases have been reported to the CDC, with 72 deaths corresponding to the death rate of about 0.09%. 2 However, since 1970 when MPXV first occurred in humans, the cumulative death rate has been calculated at about 11%. Also, mortality remains higher in Africa; according to the last weekly report of the World Health Organization (WHO), the case fatality rate (CFR) of MPXV was estimated at about 2% for the week of 29 August-4 September 2022, in multiple African countries. 3 Totally, high MPXV transmission, despite its globally low mortality rate in the 2022 outbreak, has warned researchers and practitioners that it is time for implementation, while they had just begun learning lessons on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.As expected, 2022 has subsequently witnessed a surge in MPXV literature. Because it takes late for original research to be planned, conducted, and released, many efforts took place to review the current knowledge of MPX-related features in history, epidemiology, and clinical infection, as reviewed elsewhere. 4,5 They led to important messages. MPXV, previously isolated in endemic regions, is of two clades: clade I, Central African, also known as Congo Basin; clade II, West African, which, in turn, has two clades: IIa and IIb. Clade I is endemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and South Sudan, with a fatality rate of about 11%. MPXV we today are experiencing is of the West African clade IIb. This clade is endemic in Nigeria and associated with a CFR of about 4%. However, compared to previous times, 2022 0 MPXV has been different in its presentation.Meta-analysis confirms this changing epidemiology that between

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Monkeypox – A danger approaching Asia

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Awareness of mpox-related knowledge among men who have sex with men in China

Awareness of mpox-related knowledge among men who have sex with men in China

"Monkeypox: Re-Emerging Infectious Disease and One Health Strategy"

Insights on Mpox virus infection immunopathogenesis

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