Monkeypox: An Emerging Global Public Health Emergency

Jeyaraman, Madhan; Selvaraj, Preethi; Halesh, Manjunatha Budihal; Jeyaraman, Naveen; Nallakumarasamy, Arulkumar; Gupta, Mohit; Maffulli, Nicola; Gupta, Ashim

doi:10.3390/life12101590

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus that belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus. This virus spreads mainly from infected animals to humans [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Infected humans can also spread the disease to an uninfected human through respiratory secretions, infected skin lesions, and any other contaminated materials [ 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Workers’ Knowledge and Attitude towards Monkeypox in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sobaikhi,

Alshahrani,

Hazazi

et al. 2023

Diseases

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Background: Monkeypox outbreaks in non-endemic countries emphasize the importance of being prepared to prevent its progression to a pandemic. To effectively control monkeypox, healthcare providers must have sufficient knowledge and good attitudes and practices to limit its spread. We initiated this project to assess the factors associated with health workers’ knowledge and attitude toward monkeypox in southwestern Saudi Arabia. Methods: We included 398 eligible health workers working at various health facilities. Data was collected using an online survey, and participants had an opportunity to consent. We conducted descriptive statistics for all variables and used chi-square statistics, t-test, and multivariate analysis to establish the association between health workers’ demographic characteristics and knowledge of monkeypox disease. Results: The mean age was 30.93 ± 8.25 years for the included participants, and most of them were between 22 and 29 years, male, single, nurses, working in government hospitals, and had worked for at least five years. The chi-square and t-test showed that the participants’ knowledge level was significantly related to age, marital status, job title, and medical practice. Most of the participants had low knowledge and good attitudes toward monkeypox prevention measures. Multivariate analysis showed that higher knowledge was associated with younger age after controlling all other significant bivariate relationships between knowledge and demographics. Conclusions: This study found low knowledge levels and high good attitude levels of monkeypox among the participants. As such, there is a need to support health workers in understanding monkeypox epidemiology, prevention, and treatment. Therefore, Saudi Arabia will be making significant strides to being well prepared and ready to handle future monkeypox outbreaks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Workers’ Knowledge and Attitude towards Monkeypox in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sobaikhi,

Alshahrani,

Hazazi

et al. 2023

Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It begs the question of whether Artificial Intelligence (AI) scientists can extrapolate this methodology and apply it to the Monkeypox scourge. According to [9], the most significant signs of the disease are evident on a patient's skin. The study reports that such patients bear a rash on their skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the biggest problem with this assumption is that most physicians encounter these cases for the first time in their careers [11]. Another problem is that no scientifically proven lab tests can accurately diagnose the disease, especially in its early stages [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning Models for the Detection of Monkeypox Skin Lesion on Digital Skin Images

Alrusaini¹

2023

IJACSA

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The study is an investigation testing the accuracy of deep learning models in the detection of Monkeypox. The disease is relatively new and difficult for physicians to detect. Data for the skins were obtained from Google via web-scraping with Python's BeautifulSoup, SERP API, and requests libraries. The images underwent scrutiny by professional physicians to determine their validity and classification. The researcher extracted the images' features using two CNN models -GoogLeNet and ResNet50. Feature selection from the images involved conducting principal component analysis. Classification employed Support Vector Machines, ResNet50, VGG-16, SqueezeNet, and InceptionV3 models. The results showed that all the models performed relatively the same. However, the most effective model was VGG-16 (accuracy = 0.96, F1-score = 0.92). It is an affirmation of the usefulness of artificial intelligence in the detection of the Monkeypox disease. Subject to the approval of national health authorities, the technology can be used to help detect the disease faster and more conveniently. If integrated into a mobile application, it can be members of the public to selfdiagnose before seeking official diagnoses from approved hospitals. The researcher recommends further research into the models and building bigger image databases that will power more reliable analyses.

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“…The global resurgence of confirmed cases of monkeypox (MPX) [ 1 ] and the rapid spread of cases in different endemic and non-endemic countries of the world have led to a public health emergency of international concern [ 2 , 3 ]. As of 10 December 2022, 82,474 confirmed cases of monkeypox have been reported in 110 countries worldwide [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Due to the rapid evolution of the monkeypox virus, the means by which the monkeypox virus is spread is subject to change. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the detection of the monkeypox virus according to the collection site of samples from confirmed monkeypox cases. A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases until 5 October 2022. A total of 1022 articles were retrieved using the search strategy. After removing duplicates (n = 566) and examining by title, abstract, and full text, 65 studies reporting monkeypox case reports were included with a detailed description of risk factors, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), site of monkeypox virus-positive specimens, location of skin lesions, and diagnostic test. A total of 4537 confirmed monkeypox cases have been reported, of which 98.72% of the cases were male with a mean age of 36 years, 95.72% had a sexual behavior of being men who have sex with men, and 28.1% had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most frequent locations of lesions in patients diagnosed with monkeypox were: 42.85% on the genitalia and 37.1% in the perianal region. All confirmed monkeypox cases were diagnosed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the most frequent locations of samples collected for diagnosis that tested positive for monkeypox virus were: 91.85% from skin lesions, 20.81% from the oropharynx, 3.19% from blood, and 2.43% from seminal fluid. The disease course of the cases with monkeypox was asynchronous, with no severe complications, and most patients did not report specific treatment but simply followed a symptomatic treatment.

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Monkeypox: An Emerging Global Public Health Emergency

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Health Workers’ Knowledge and Attitude towards Monkeypox in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Health Workers’ Knowledge and Attitude towards Monkeypox in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Deep Learning Models for the Detection of Monkeypox Skin Lesion on Digital Skin Images

Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review

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