Monkeypox Case Investigation — Cook County Jail, Chicago, Illinois, July–August 2022

Hagan, Liesl M.; Beeson, Amy; Hughes, Sarah Jane; Hassan, Rashida; Meehan, Ashley A.; Spencer, Hillary; Turner, J. C.; Richardson, Morgan; Howard, Jourdan; Schultz, Anne; Ali, Salma; Butler, Margaret Mary; Garza, Diana Arce; Morgan, Clint N.; Kling, C.; Baird, Nicolle; Townsend, Michael; Carson, William C.; Lowe, David; Wynn, Nhien T.; Black, Stephanie R.; Kerins, Janna L.; Rafinski, Josh; Defuniak, Andrew; Auguston, Priscilla; Mosites, Emily; Ghinai, Isaac; Zawitz, Chad

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7140e2

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This systematic review included 15 studies [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] ( Table 1 ): seven studies were from Africa [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], six of which from Zaire, now called Democratic Republic of the Congo [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 24 ], three studies from the USA [ 22 , 29 , 30 ], one from Singapore [ 26 ], and three studies from Europe, one from United Kingdom [ 27 ] and two from Spain [ 28 , 32 ], respectively. One study had no reference to the country of origin [ 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study had no reference to the country of origin [ 31 ]. Ten studies were published before 2022 [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], and the remaining five were published in 2022 or 2023 [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clade of MPXV involved was only known in one study, which was the West African clade [ 29 ]. In two studies, the outcome assessment was only clinical [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mpox Person-to-Person Transmission—Where Have We Got So Far? A Systematic Review

Pinto

Costa

Gonçalves

et al. 2023

Viruses

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The recent multi-country outbreak of Mpox (Monkeypox disease) constituted a public health emergency. Although animal-to-human transmission is known to be the primary way of transmission, an increasing number of cases transmitted by person-to-person contact have been reported. During the recent Mpox outbreak sexual or intimate contact has been considered the most important way of transmission. However, other routes of transmission must not be ignored. The knowledge of how the Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) spreads is crucial to implement adequate measures to contain the spread of the disease. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to collect scientific data published concerning other implicated sources of infection beyond sexual interaction, such as the involvement of respiratory particles, contact with contaminated surfaces and skin-to-skin contact. The current study was performed using the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Publications analyzing contacts of Mpox index cases and their outcome after contact were included. A total of 7319 person-to-person contacts were surveyed and 273 of them became positive cases. Positive secondary transmission of MPXV was verified after contact with people cohabiting in the same household, with family members, with healthcare workers, or within healthcare facilities, and sexual contact or contact with contaminated surfaces. Using the same cup, sharing the same dishes, and sleeping in the same room or bed were also positively associated with transmission. Five studies showed no evidence of transmission despite contact with surfaces, skin-to-skin contact, or through airway particles within healthcare facilities where containment measures were taken. These records support the case for person-to-person transmission and suggest that other types of contact beyond sexual contact pose a significant risk of acquiring the infection. Further investigation is crucial to elucidate MPXV transmission dynamics, and to implement adequate measures to contain the spread of the infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mpox Person-to-Person Transmission—Where Have We Got So Far? A Systematic Review

Pinto

Costa

Gonçalves

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…After a symptomatic resident with mpox spent 7 days in congregate housing in a prison in Chicago, IL, USA, sharing a dormitory with 57 individuals, no additional cases were identified among a subset of those exposed who were actively monitored for symptoms or consented to serological testing. 40 Of ten distinct instances in which a child or adolescent with mpox attended a childcare facility or school while symptomatic, none resulted in secondary cases. 41 …”

Section: Human Case Reports and Outbreaksmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mpox respiratory transmission: the state of the evidence

Beeson¹,

Styczynski²,

Hutson³

et al. 2023

The Lancet Microbe

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“…11 Since testing expansion, cases in the United States have now been reported in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and 1 US territory, as well as over 90 other non-endemic countries. These new cases revealed new epidemiological patterns, including high prevalence among gay or bisexual men, or any men or transgender people who have sex with men or transgender people, and their sexual partners 12 ; higher rates of sexually transmitted infections, 13 fomite contamination, 14,15 caregiver exposure, 16 health care exposure, 17 - 19 incarceration, 20 perinatal infection 21 ; as well as no known epidemiological risk factors. 22,23 People at risk for severe disease include those with immunocompromising conditions and chronic skin disorders such as eczema.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Mpox and Secondary Syphilis in an HIV Patient: A Community Hospital Experience

Castanares

D’Assumpcao

Fang

et al. 2023

Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports

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Mpox was an emerging outbreak in California in 2022, primarily in major metropolitan areas, as part of the global mpox outbreak declared by World Health Organization in July 2022. Community hospitals outside of major metropolitan areas have seen fewer cases to date, so they may be less equipped to diagnose and treat patients with mpox. They may have limited public health resources commensurate with the area’s population density. Mpox may also be superimposed on ongoing local outbreaks of other sexually transmitted infections. We present a case of a person with HIV who contracted mpox and also developed secondary syphilis. Early detection can be beneficial for prompt treatment, decreased burden of disease for the individual, and prevention of further spread of the infection.

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Monkeypox Case Investigation — Cook County Jail, Chicago, Illinois, July–August 2022

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Mpox Person-to-Person Transmission—Where Have We Got So Far? A Systematic Review

Mpox Person-to-Person Transmission—Where Have We Got So Far? A Systematic Review

Mpox respiratory transmission: the state of the evidence

Primary Mpox and Secondary Syphilis in an HIV Patient: A Community Hospital Experience

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