Monkeypox virus infection: First reported case in Greece in a patient with a genital rash

Paparizos, Vasilios; Nicolaidou, Electra; Tryfinopoulou, Kyriaki; Papa, Anna; Rigopoulos, Dimitrios; Tsiodras, Sotirios; Stratigos, Alexandros

doi:10.1111/jdv.18521

Cited by 9 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…122 And genital rashes were observed in many cases, which was also recently proven in another studies. [264][265][266][267][268][269][270] Other recent reports describe similar clinical characteristics. 180,271,272 Patel and colleagues 272 demonstrated that all 197 monkeypox infection cases developed mucocutaneous lesions, typically in the genitals (111 of 197 patients) or the perianal areas, causing rectal pain and penile edema.…”

Section: Clinical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 61%

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Huang

Wang

2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

162

120

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Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease that was once endemic in west and central Africa caused by monkeypox virus. However, cases recently have been confirmed in many nonendemic countries outside of Africa. WHO declared the ongoing monkeypox outbreak to be a public health emergency of international concern on July 23, 2022, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapidly increasing number of confirmed cases could pose a threat to the international community. Here, we review the epidemiology of monkeypox, monkeypox virus reservoirs, novel transmission patterns, mutations and mechanisms of viral infection, clinical characteristics, laboratory diagnosis and treatment measures. In addition, strategies for the prevention, such as vaccination of smallpox vaccine, is also included. Current epidemiological data indicate that high frequency of human-to-human transmission could lead to further outbreaks, especially among men who have sex with men. The development of antiviral drugs and vaccines against monkeypox virus is urgently needed, despite some therapeutic effects of currently used drugs in the clinic. We provide useful information to improve the understanding of monkeypox virus and give guidance for the government and relative agency to prevent and control the further spread of monkeypox virus.

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Section: Clinical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 61%

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Huang

Wang

2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

162

120

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“…After the removal of duplicates ( n = 566), 456 articles were screened by the authors. After filtering the titles and reading the abstracts, 85 articles were selected for full-text reading, and 65 were considered eligible for inclusion in this systematic review ( Figure 1 ) [ 18 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The review included 65 studies published between 1 January and 5 October 2022. The studies ( n = 65) reported monkeypox case reports according to the specimen collection site, the number of cases, sexual behavior-oriented risk factor, history of sexually transmitted diseases, site of specimen drawn and positive for monkeypox virus by PCR, location of skin lesions, and method of diagnosis were described in detail ( Table 2 ) [ 18 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the reported cases with monkeypox, 95.72% ( n = 4343) [ 18 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 31 , 32 , 35 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 ,…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…In addition, reported cases of monkeypox with sexually transmitted infections were: 28.1% had HIV ( n = 1274) [ 18 , 20 , 21 , 26 , 28 , 31 , 32 , 42 , 44 , 47 , 49 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 82 , 85 , 86 ], 2% had Syphilis ( n = 89) [ 18 , 32 , 38 , 40 , 44 , 50 , 54 , 57 , 58 , 60 , 65 , 67 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 74 , 77 ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Due to the rapid evolution of the monkeypox virus, the means by which the monkeypox virus is spread is subject to change. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the detection of the monkeypox virus according to the collection site of samples from confirmed monkeypox cases. A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases until 5 October 2022. A total of 1022 articles were retrieved using the search strategy. After removing duplicates (n = 566) and examining by title, abstract, and full text, 65 studies reporting monkeypox case reports were included with a detailed description of risk factors, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), site of monkeypox virus-positive specimens, location of skin lesions, and diagnostic test. A total of 4537 confirmed monkeypox cases have been reported, of which 98.72% of the cases were male with a mean age of 36 years, 95.72% had a sexual behavior of being men who have sex with men, and 28.1% had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most frequent locations of lesions in patients diagnosed with monkeypox were: 42.85% on the genitalia and 37.1% in the perianal region. All confirmed monkeypox cases were diagnosed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the most frequent locations of samples collected for diagnosis that tested positive for monkeypox virus were: 91.85% from skin lesions, 20.81% from the oropharynx, 3.19% from blood, and 2.43% from seminal fluid. The disease course of the cases with monkeypox was asynchronous, with no severe complications, and most patients did not report specific treatment but simply followed a symptomatic treatment.

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