Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 predicts the development of diabetic nephropathy

Abstract

Aim Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a devastating complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, screening strategies in order to prevent its development and/or retard its progression are of paramount importance. We investigated if monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) was associated with new onset microalbuminuria‐the earliest sign of the albuminuric phenotype of DN‐ in patients with type 2 DM and normoalbuminuria. Methods We measured MCP‐1 in serum and urine samples from patients of the Randomized Olmesartan And Diabetes Microalbuminuria Prevention (ROADMAP) study and its Observational Follow‐up (OFU) cohort. A case control design was used with inclusion of 172 patients who developed microalbuminuria (MA) and of 188 well matched controls who remained normoalbuminuric. Results The median duration of follow‐up for the ROADMAP cohorts was 6.5 years, whereas the mean time until occurrence of MA was 53.2 months. In the multivariate analysis, serum and urine MCP‐1 remained significant predictors of new onset MA. The risk for MA increased continuously with increasing serum and urine MCP‐1 levels but reached statistical significance only in the highest quartiles. The risk associations were stronger with serum MCP‐1. Conclusions MCP‐1 is a marker and possibly a mediator of early diabetic nephropathy. Further prospective studies are necessary to test whether diabetic patients with elevated MCP‐1 levels would benefit from specific therapeutic interventions.

Effect of vitamin D on oxidative stress and serum inflammatory factors in the patients with type 2 diabetes

“…High concentrations of glucose induce the secretion of inflammatory cytokine MCP‐1 and leukocyte interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) by activating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NF‐κB pathways 5,6 . High serum levels of MCP‐1 and IL‐8 accelerate the progression of diabetes and increase the incidence of complications 7‐9 . As a result, therapeutic agents against ROS have also been widely studied in the treatments of diabetes mellitus 10 …”

“…5,6 High serum levels of MCP-1 and IL-8 accelerate the progression of diabetes and increase the incidence of complications. [7][8][9] As a result, therapeutic agents against ROS have also been widely studied in the treatments of diabetes mellitus. 10 There is convincing evidence of the benefit of vitamin D on antioxidation.…”

Ethnic differences in urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and heparanase-1 levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the HELIUS study

“… 20 22 23 Using a larger participant cohort in a recent post hoc analysis of the ROADMAP (Randomized Olmesartan and Diabetes Microalbuminuria Prevention) study revealed that even despite very high variations in outcome, serum and urinary MCP-1 levels were significant predictors of the onset of albuminuria in patients with diabetes. 36 …”

“…20 22 23 Using a larger participant cohort in a recent post hoc analysis of the ROADMAP (Randomized Olmesartan and Diabetes Microalbuminuria Prevention) study revealed that even despite very high variations in outcome, serum and urinary MCP-1 levels were significant predictors of the onset of albuminuria in patients with diabetes. 36 Only in the Dutch participants, a positive association was found between urinary HPSE-1 activity and albuminuria levels. Several studies found increased HPSE-1 activity levels in patients with diabetes 24 25 but only one study found a correlation between urinary HPSE-1 activity and the degree of albuminuria.…”

The Role of Inflammation and Therapeutic Concepts in Diabetic Retinopathy—A Short Review

“…Some chemokines have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of DR. In some recent studies, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1a) have been reported to be elevated in diabetic patients [ 14 , 26 , 27 ]. Moreover, a level of other inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was upregulated in diabetic patients with DR. Additionally, there is a correlation between the presence of high levels of growth factors and inflammatory cytokines in the eye fluids and inflammation in patients with DR.…”