The mitotic chromosome behavior of the Brazilian semi-dwarf wheat cultivar IAS 54 (Triticum aastivum L. em Tell) is described. In root tip cells dicentrics, fragments, isochromosomes, a satellite tandemly duplicated, chromatid exchanges, aneuploidy, ring chromosomes and breaks in almost all chromosomes of the complement were observed. Since anaphase cells that were not pretreated showed bridges, disorderly condensation and micronwlei, the possibility that pretreatment was responsible for the abnormalities was eliminated. Other possible genetic factors and virus infection as causal agents were discussed. Ees travaux ont p o d sur le comportement des chromosomes mitotiques du cultivar du bl6 brisilien semi-nain IAS 54 (Triticum aestivum E. em Tell). Dans les cellules h I'extrCmitC des racines on a observt des dicentriques, des fragments, des isochromosomes, un satellite dsublC en tandem, des Cchanges chromatidiques, l'aneuploi'die, Qes chromosomes en anneaux, et des bris dans presque tous les chromosomes de la garniture chromosomique. On a Climint au depart Ia possibilitC que le prktraitement soit responsable des anomalies, itant donnC que les cellules anaphasiques non-traitkes manifestaient aussi des ponts, une condensation disordonnie et des micronoyaux. On discute d'autres muses possibles, soit d'autres facteurs d'ordre ghiitique, et I'infection vbale. [Traduit par le journal] "C&UUQ Especid de Pbs-Grrmdimgiio e Pesqmrfsa da Universidade Federal do Rio G r a d e do Sul". Work of the senior author was done in partial fulfiment of the M.S. degee at the Federal University of Rio Grtmde do Sul. wesent address: Pemmbuco. Reprints should be requested to M. heme M. Femmdes, C.N.P. Trigo-EMBRAPA cx Psstal569, 99. 100 RUSQ Fundo RS-Br.