Morphofunctional effects of moderate forebrain ischemia combined with short-term hypoxia in rats — protective effects of Cerebrolysin

Schwab, Matthias; Schaller, R; Bauer, Reinhard; Zwiener, U.

doi:10.1016/s0940-2993(97)80053-x

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is believed to increase neuronal viability and survival during and after ischemic events. [27][28][29][30][31][32] Cerebrolysin reduces the amyloid formation as well as the average size of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease, which is accompanied by an improvement of the behavioural phenotype and increase of synaptic density. Significant improvements in cognitive enhancement and daily activities have been reported recently for Alzheimer patients.…”

Section: Neuron Stimulants Used In This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free detection of neuron–drug interactions using acoustic and Kelvin vibrational fields

Cheran

Cheung

Chawaf

et al. 2007

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Kelvin and acoustic fields of high-frequency have been employed in the non-invasive investigation of immortalized hypothalamic neurons, in order to assess their response to different concentrations of specific drugs, toxins, a stress-reducing hormone and neurotrophic factors. In an analytical systems biology approach, this work constitutes a first study of living neuron cultures by scanning Kelvin nanoprobe (SKN) and thickness shear mode (TSM) acoustic wave techniques. N-38 hypothalamic mouse neurons were immobilized on the gold electrode of 9 MHz TSM acoustic wave devices and gold-coated slides for study by SKN. The neurons were exposed to the neurochemicals betaseron, forskolin, TCAP, and cerebrolysin. Signals were collected with the TSM in real-time mode, and with the SKN in scanning and real-time modes, as the drugs were applied at biologically significant concentrations. With the TSM, for all drugs, some frequency and resistance shifts were in the same direction, contrary to normal functioning for this type of instrument. Possible mechanisms are presented to explain this behaviour. An oscillatory signal with periodicity of approximately 2 min was observed for some neuron-coated surfaces, where the amplitude of these oscillations was altered upon application of certain neurotrophic factors. These two new techniques present novel and non-invasive electrodeless methods for detecting changes at the cellular level caused by a variety of neuroactive compounds, without killing or destroying the neurons.

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Section: Neuron Stimulants Used In This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free detection of neuron–drug interactions using acoustic and Kelvin vibrational fields

Cheran

Cheung

Chawaf

et al. 2007

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“…Cere shows neuroprotective activity and neurotrophic function increasing neuronal survival after different types of lesions in vitro and in animals models of neurodegeneration [2,3], moreover, it promotes neuritic outgrowth and cholinergic fibres regeneration [4,5]. Cere has been used for the treatment of dementia and sequel of stroke and improves memory in patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairment [6,7].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The multimodal agent Cerebrolysin (Cere) (Ever Neuro Pharma GmbH, Oberburgau, Austria) consists of approximately 25% low molecular weight biologically active peptides, which are actually active fragments of some important neurotrophic factors (CNTF, GDNF, IGF-1, IGF-2) [1] and 75% free amino acids obtained by enzymatic breakdown of purified porcine brain proteins. Cere shows neuroprotective activity and neurotrophic function increasing neuronal survival after different types of lesions in vitro and in animals models of neurodegeneration [2,3], moreover, it promotes neuritic outgrowth and cholinergic fibres regeneration [4,5]. Cere has been used for the treatment of dementia and sequel of stroke and improves memory in patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairment [6,7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Cerebrolysin administration reduces oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis in limphocytes from healthy individuals

Formichi

Radi

Battisti

et al. 2012

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Cerebrolysin is the only drug available for clinical use containing active fragments of some important neurotrophic factors obtained from purified porcine brain proteins, which has long been used for the treatment of dementia and stroke sequels. Cerebrolysin has growth factor-like activities and promotes neuronal survival and sprouting, however, its molecular mechanism still needs to be determined. It has been shown that Cerebrolysin may interact with proteolytic pathways linked to apoptosis. Administration of Cerebrolysin significantly reduces the number of apoptotic neurons after glutamate exposure. Furthermore, it has been reported that Cerebrolysin inhibits free radicals formation and lipid peroxidation. In vitro we evaluated the protective effects of Cerebrolysin towards spontaneous and induced apoptotic death in cells from healthy individuals. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from 10 individuals were used as cell model; 2-deoxy-D-ribose (dRib), a highly reducing sugar, was used as paradigm pro-apoptotic stimulus. Apoptosis was analysed using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Our results showed that Cerebrolysin significantly reduced the number of apoptotic PBLs after dRib treatment, although it had no significative effects on cells cultured in standard conditions. Our work showed a protective effect of Cerebrolysin on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and suggested that PBLs can be used as an easy obtainable and handy cell model to verify Cerebrolysin effects in neurodegenerative pathologies.

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“…The neurotropic action of Cerebrolysine has now been studied in clinical conditions and by experimental physiologists [13,27,39,40]. This preparation is a mixture of free amino acids (85%) and peptides (15%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the constant potential in brain structures in rats during focal ischemia and systemic hypoxia

Buresh

Koroleva

Korolev

et al. 1999

Neurosci Behav Physiol

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The functional consequences of spreading depression (SD) during the evolution of ischemic damage was studied in two models: focal cortical ischemia induced by photothrombosis of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and systemic hypoxia induced by 0.8% carbon monoxide (CO). These studies showed that cortical waves of SD, arising spontaneously during MCA thrombosis and after arterial occlusion delayed thrombus formation and promoted the establishment of a collateral blood supply in the perifocal zone of ischemic lesions. The underlying mechanism consisted of episodes of intense vasodilation at the decay phase of every wave of SD. Respiration of 0.8% CO increased the blood carboxyhemoglobin level to 50-60%. In lightly anesthetized rats (pentobarbital 20 mg/kg), cortical and subcortical spontaneous waves of SD were transformed into stable hypoxic depolarization, leading to death of 60% of the animals or severe lesions of the central nervous system, in 20% of animals. Increases in the level of anesthesia (50 mg/kg anesthetic) prevented the spontaneous appearance of SD during long-lasting exposure to CO. In these conditions, experimentally induced waves of SD demonstrated that the hippocampus has a high sensitivity to moderate levels of hypoxia. The duration of hypoxic depolarization of the hippocampus, provoking a single SD wave, reached 30-60 min. Selective neuron damage in field CA1 was seen 30 days after hypoxia. Additionally, the left hippocampus of rats frequently showed profound morphological lesions in the form of "granules." Cerebrolysine (2.5 ml/kg daily for 10 days) completely prevented the formation of these lesions.

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Morphofunctional effects of moderate forebrain ischemia combined with short-term hypoxia in rats — protective effects of Cerebrolysin

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Label-free detection of neuron–drug interactions using acoustic and Kelvin vibrational fields

Label-free detection of neuron–drug interactions using acoustic and Kelvin vibrational fields

Cerebrolysin administration reduces oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis in limphocytes from healthy individuals

Changes in the constant potential in brain structures in rats during focal ischemia and systemic hypoxia

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