Morphofunctional study of the therapeutic effect of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in experimental diffuse brain injury in rats

Abstract

Effects of systemic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells obtained by culturing of autologous bone marrow on proliferative activity of cells and functional morphology of neurons after diffuse brain injury were studied in Wistar rats. Comparative analysis of the results indicated that systemic injection of mesenchymal stem cells in a syngeneic organism produced proliferotropic, angiogenic, and, presumably, neurotrophic effects. The therapeutic effect visually manifested on day 2 after intravenous injection of mesenchymal stem cells during the early period of reparative regeneration of ischemic cell and tissue structures of the brain. The neuroprotective effect of mesenchymal stem cells was more pronounced against the background of basic therapy.

Evaluation of psychoemotional status of rats after brain injury and systemic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells

“…Relative rate of learning, % percent of rats with avoidance response success/failure Regression of sign increase, b coefficient very of damaged tissue and cell structures [4]. This effect of systemic transplantation of MSC on the process of structural reparation in the damaged area of rat brain can, in turn, determine more efficient recovery of the psychophysiological status of experimental animals observed in our study.…”

“…Published data suggest that bone marrow stromal cells significantly alleviate motor and neurological deficit in animals with traumatic brain injury [7]. Our previous studies showed that systemic administration of syngeneic MSC produces proliferotropic, angiogenic, and probably neurotrophic effects [4].…”

Morphofunctional Study of the Therapeutic Efficacy of Human Mesenchymal and Neural Stem Cells in Rats with Diffuse Brain Injury

“…Previous experiments showed that various types of SC, including bone marrow MSC [3,6,[21][22][23], umbilical blood SC [27,32,35], and NSC [8,9,11,15] (e.g., immortalized [10] and genetically modified lines of human NSC [18]), can induce the expression of growth and trophic factors, increase the proliferative activity, and contribute to functional recovery of the brain.…”

“…Experiments were performed on male Wistar rats weighing 140-160 g. CCT was produced by a 50-g weight, which fell on the parietal region of the head from a height of 110 cm [6]. Fifty percent rats died over the first 5 min after the incidence of trauma.…”

“…Not only autologous and allogeneic cells [3,6,16,[20][21][22], but also human SC of different tissue origin contribute to reparation of the nervous system and recovery of the neurological function in laboratory animals with experimental cerebral ischemia and CCT. Experiments on animals demonstrated the safety and efficacy of human SC.…”