Morphological changes of hepatic microcirculation in experimental rat cirrhosis: A scanning electron microscopic study

Haratake, Jyoji

doi:10.1016/0270-9139(91)90269-2

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The arterial vascularization of the BD is characterized by abundant collateral vessels [23][24][25], and the PVP is an important factor in the function of the biliary epithelium [16]. CHA did not induce BDPF and decreased the number of PVPs in the adult CHA rats in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Development of an experimental model of cholestasis induced by hypoxic/ischemic damage to the bile duct and liver tissues in infantile rats

et al. 2011

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Development of an experimental model of cholestasis induced by hypoxic/ischemic damage to the bile duct and liver tissues in infantile rats

et al. 2011

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“…A recent scanning electron microscopic study has demonstrated that hypertrophy of the peribiliary plexus and direct anastomosis in the peripheral area of the liver are major routes of arterioportal communication in experimental rat cirrhosis [76]. Capillarization and permeability changes of sinusoids may also be related to arterioportal communications of the cirrhotic liver [76,77].…”

Section: Nontumorous Arterioportal Shunt In Liver Cirrhosismentioning

confidence: 98%

Hepatic abnormalities related to blood flow: evaluation with dual-phase helical CT

et al. 1999

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Dual-phase contrast-enhanced helical computed tomography (CT) has become a popular technique for the detection and characterization of hepatic lesions [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. In addition to improved detection of small hypervascular lesions, dual-phase helical CT can provide useful information for the differential diagnosis of various liver lesions by showing contrast enhancement features on scans obtained during the hepatic arterial (more precisely, arterial-dominant) phase (HAP) and the portal venous phase (PVP). Furthermore, careful analysis of the patterns of contrast enhancement at both the HAP and PVP of dualphase helical CT is helpful in the evaluation of hepatic hemodynamic alterations [6,7]. Therefore, at many institutions including ours, dual-phase helical CT is routinely performed for the evaluation of all hepatic lesions [5][6][7][8].Hepatic abnormalities related to blood flow include normal vascular anatomic variants; vascular obstructions such as portal venous obstruction, hepatic venous obstruction, hepatic arterial obstruction, and mediastinal or thoracic venous obstruction; focal liver lesions such as arterioportal shunt, hypervascular tumor, and inflammatory processes; and uncertain etiologies [8 -10].The use of helical CT is apparently increasing the chances of encountering these abnormalities in daily practice, and the importance of knowledge of the hemodynamics of hepatic blood flow has been increasing. Thus, familiarity with the helical CT appearances of different types of hepatic abnormalities related to blood flow allows the radiologist to separate clinically insignificant flow phenomena from perfusion disorders caused by underlying parenchymal or vascular disease.In this article, we discuss how hepatic blood flow can affect the appearance of hepatic abnormalities on dualphase helical CT scans. Physiology of hepatic blood flowThe liver has a dual supply of the portal vein and hepatic artery. The hepatic artery delivers about 20 -25% of blood to the liver, whereas the portal vein delivers about 75-80% [8]. These two hepatic vessels have mutual communication systems including transvasal and transplexal routes [10]. Among them, the most prominent route is transplexal via peribiliary plexus.These routes play an important role when hepatic vessels are compromised. Therefore, knowledge of mutual communication systems of hepatic vessels is essential to understand the pathophysiology and hemodynamics of hepatic abnormalities related to blood flow (Fig. 1). Dual-phase helical CT techniquesWith the advent of helical CT technology, it has become possible to image the liver during the HAP and PVP of enhancement after a single bolus infusion of iodinated contrast material. This dual-phase helical technique is ideally suited to imaging the liver, which is unique among abdominal organs by virtue of its dual blood supply [5,7]. Helical CT images are obtained during a 20 -30-s breath-holding. Scan parameters are collimation, 5-10 mm; pitch, 1-1.5; 120 -140 kV; 150 -290 mA; and rotation time, 0.75-1 s. Images...

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“…Hypertrophy of the peribiliary plexus and direct anastomosis in the peripheral area of the liver are the major routes of APS in experimental studies (20). Abnormal permeability of the sinusoid also has a role in the development of arterioportal communications in the cirrhotic liver (13).…”

Section: Liver Cirrhosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Diagnosis of Hepatic Perfusion Disorders: Value of Hepatic Arterial Phase Imaging during Helical CT

Quiroga¹,

Sebastiá²,

Pallisa³

et al. 2001

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The liver has a unique dual blood supply, which makes helical computed tomography (CT) a highly suitable technique for hepatic imaging. Helical CT allows single breath-hold scanning without motion artifacts. Because of rapid image acquisition, two-phase (hepatic arterial phase and portal venous phase) evaluation of the hepatic parenchyma is possible, improving tumor detection and tumor characterization in a single CT study. The arterial and portal venous supplies to the liver are not independent systems. There are several communications between the vessels, including transsinusoidal, transvasal, and transplexal routes. When vascular compromise occurs, there are often changes in the volume of blood flow in individual vessels and even in the direction of blood flow. These perfusion disorders can be detected with helical CT and are generally seen as an area of high attenuation on hepatic arterial phase images that returns to normal on portal venous phase images; this finding reflects increased arterial blood flow and arterioportal shunting in most cases. Familiarity with the helical CT appearances of these perfusion disorders will result in more accurate diagnosis. By recognizing these perfusion disorders, false-positive diagnosis (hypervascular tumors) or overestimation of the size of liver tumors (eg, hepatocellular carcinoma) can be avoided.

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Morphological changes of hepatic microcirculation in experimental rat cirrhosis: A scanning electron microscopic study

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Development of an experimental model of cholestasis induced by hypoxic/ischemic damage to the bile duct and liver tissues in infantile rats

Development of an experimental model of cholestasis induced by hypoxic/ischemic damage to the bile duct and liver tissues in infantile rats

Hepatic abnormalities related to blood flow: evaluation with dual-phase helical CT

Improved Diagnosis of Hepatic Perfusion Disorders: Value of Hepatic Arterial Phase Imaging during Helical CT

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