Morphological characteristics, yield and quality of black pepper Ciinten variety in three agro ecological conditions

Bermawie, Nurliani; Wahyuni, Siti; Heryanto, R; Darwati, Ireng

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/292/1/012065

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The improved varieties "Panniyur-6" (clonal selection of landrace "Karimunda") and "Panniyur-7" (an open pollinated progeny of landrace "Kalluvally") of India were described as having compact spike setting (Arya et al 2003) which was similar to "Ismailia" and "Babu ndogo" in this study. Similar findings have been reported on variety "Ciinten" from Indonesia which is characterized with compact spikes and was associated to higher percentage of hermaphrodite flowers (Bermawie et al 2019). High percentage (98%) of productive bisexual flowers and berry setting percentage (91.5%) was also attributed to the very compactly arranged berries (133 berries spike −1 ) on improved variety "Panniyur-7" (Arya et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Observation and recording of morphological characters/descriptors has been a typical approach for identification and description of various pepper germplasms (Hussain et al 2017b;Bermawie et al 2019;Prayoga et al 2020). Other methods include pedigree, agronomic performance, biochemical and molecular/DNA-based data (Mohammadi and Prasanna 2003;Raghavan et al 2010;Deka et al 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Morphological characterization and yield of pepper (Piper nigrum L.) types grown in Morogoro District, Tanzania

2021

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Background Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is among key spice crops grown in Morogoro district of Tanzania. Most of the pepper types grown in the district are only known by their local names as Babu kubwa, Babu ndogo, Babu kati and Ismailia. This may limit information on germplasm collection or genetic resource for plant improvement and trade in markets with variety specifications. The aim of this study was to generate preliminary information of the pepper types based on their morphological characteristics for easy comparison with other known pepper varieties in the spices industry. Methods The evaluation of pepper morphological characters was conducted following a randomized complete block design with three replications and four treatments (pepper types). Observations were recorded with respect to 28 characters (9 qualitative and 19 quantitative) which entail vegetative (8) and reproductive (20) traits. The quantitative data for vegetative, inflorescence and berry characters were subjected to analysis of variance. Mean separation test was conducted using Turkey’s Honest Significance Test at (α = 0.05). Correlation and regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between yield and yield attributes of pepper. Results Babu kubwa and Babu ndogo pepper types were characterized by erect and horizontal branching habit, whereas the others showed hanging habit. Babu kubwa had longer spikes (12.4 cm), leaves blade (17.9 cm), leaf petiole (2.8 cm), wider leaves (12.9 cm) and larger berries (5.8 mm) than all other pepper types. Babu kubwa and Babu kati had cordate and acute leaf bases, respectively while other types had round leaf base shapes. The highest number of flowers was recorded on Babu kubwa (93.5) and Ismailia (90.7) with spikes weighing 7.6 g and 7.5 g, respectively compared to other types. Babu ndogo and Ismailia had compact spikes, while other types had medium loose spikes. Babu kati had the highest number of spikes kg−1 (282.6) due its lower spike weight compared to other types. The highest weight of 100 fresh spikes (704.3 g) and 1000 fresh berries (164.2 g) was recorded on Ismailia. Spike length was significantly positively correlated to yield (r = 0.23, R2 = 0.08, p < 0.001). However, yield had a significant negative correlation with the number of spikes kg−1 (r = −0.85, R2 = 0.017, p = 0.001) and fresh weight of 1000 berries (r = −0.91, R2 = 0.003, p = 0.04). Conclusions The pepper types grown in Morogoro district differed significantly based on most of the evaluated traits. This information can be used to formulate methods and strategies for conservation and in turn genetic improvement of the crop. Despite that the pepper types literary matched with characters of some well-known commercial varieties, confirmation of genetic relatedness is yet needed. Further studies need to be conducted in consecutive years and involve assessment of internal quality attributes. Other studies should encompass wider range of pepper types from other producing areas in Tanzania in order to establish their morphological distinctness, genetic diversity and interrelationships in relation to the globally known commercial varieties.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

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confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization and yield of pepper (Piper nigrum L.) types grown in Morogoro District, Tanzania

2021

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“…Campylodromous venation is which several primary veins run in prominent, recurved arches at the base, curving upward to converge at the leaf apex (Simpson 2011). The same type of leaf vein is also found in Ciinten variety (Bermawie 2019). Variations in the shape of black pepper leaves found were ovate-elliptic, ovate-lanceolate and elliptic-lanceolate ( Figure 3).…”

Section: Agro-morphological Characters Of Black Pepper In Bangka Islandsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Based on Pusat Perlindungan Varietas Tanaman dan Perizinan Pertanian (2019), black pepper varieties in Indonesia have mostly ovate leaf lamina shape, round leaf base shape, and even type of leaf margin (Table 4). Bermawie (2019) also reported that Ciinten variety had an ovate-lanceolate leaf lamina shape, acute leaf tip, and cordate type of leaf base shape. The types of lateral branch habit observed had three types namely erect, horizontal and hanging ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Agro-morphological Characters Of Black Pepper In Bangka Islandmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Almost all the accessions of black pepper have a round fruit shape, except for the Lampung Daun Kecil variety which has the ovate fruit shape. Orange ripe fruit and round ripe fruit is also found in Ciinten (Bermawie 2019), and Malonan 1 varieties (Pusat Perlindungan Varietas Tanaman dan Perizinan Pertanian 2019).…”

Section: Agro-morphological Characters Of Black Pepper In Bangka Islandmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Diversity of black pepper plant (Piper nigrum) in Bangka Island (Indonesia) based on agro-morphological characters

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Prayoga GP, Aini SN, Mustikarini, ED, Rosalin Y. 2020. Diversity of black pepper plant (Piper nigrum L.) in Bangka Island (Indonesia) based on agro-morphological characters. Biodiversitas 21: 652-660. Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) production in Bangka Belitung Islands Province continued to decrease in 2014-2017. Efforts to increase black pepper production was carried out by providing superior varieties that began with an increase in the genetic diversity of black pepper plants. Increasing the genetic diversity of black pepper can be done through black pepper germplasm exploration activities followed by characterization. The research aimed to obtain the agro-morphological characteristics of black pepper plants in Bangka island. Exploration was carried out by survey method in four regencies in Bangka Island. The research method used a survey method with convenience sampling technique. Observation of agro-morphological characters was carried out in accordance with the descriptor for black pepper from IPGRI (1995). The results of exploration of black pepper plants in Bangka Island have found 9 accessions of black pepper plants, consisting of 5 cultivars were Lampung Daun Lebar (LDL), Lampung Daun Kecil (LDK), Chunuk, and Jambi and 4 landraces namely Bogor, Peremis, Keriwil, and Merapin Daun Kecil (MDK). There were morphological differences in 9 accessions of black pepper plants, namely leaf lamina shape, leaf vein, leaf margin, lateral branch habit, leaf base shape, ripe fruit color, hanging vines, ground vines, and stem shape. Agro-morphological relationship of 9 accessions of black pepper plants can be divided into 5 clusters at a 50% similarity level. Based on this study, black pepper breeding program on Bangka Island could be done accessions of Peremis, Bogor, Nyelungkup, and Jambi as genetic sources. Furthermore, selection would be better to use length of petiole, length of stem segment, fruit size, percentage of perfect fruit, weight of 1000 fruits, and the weight of 1000 dried seeds as the selection criteria.

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Pre- and postharvest factors affecting quality and safety of Pepper ( Piper nigrum L.)

et al. 2021

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The quality and safety of pepper (Piper nigrum L.) are a function of crop management practices, harvest maturity, harvesting methods and subsequent handling after harvest, including storage conditions and processing methods. The review shows that volatile oil decreases with shade intensity (15-30%). Essential oil, oleoresin, piperine and monoterpenes (thujene, α-pinene, sabinene, limonene, α-phellandrene and linalool) increase with altitude, while β-caryophyllene and total phenol decrease with increase in altitude. Fermentation of ripe pepper fruits forms odorants (butanoic acid, 3-methylindole, and 4-methylphenol) attributing intense faecal/shed-like off-flavour white pepper powder. Low-drying temperature (≤56°C) and duration (≤3 hrs) lead to low bulk density (0.17 g/ml) and low moisture loss (31%). Excessive soaking of black peppercorns prior to mechanical decortication reduces volatile oil and increases moisture content and broken berries. Availability of heavy metals in grinding machines increases the level of heavy metals; Fe (69.8-1147 mg/kg), Pb (21.3-947 μg/kg) and V (64.1-1072 μg/kg) in pepper powder. Storing peppercorns along with other materials enhances cross-contamination of heavy metals; Pb, Cd and Cr. High moisture content (> 13%) and farmers' unawareness resulted in high (2200 to > 30000 cfu/g) mycotoxins contamination. Environmental and industrial pollutants such as plasticizers, bisphenol A, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides are also pepper contaminants of high merit. Radiofrequency pasteurization, vacuum-assisted steaming, ethylene oxide fumigation, atmospheric pressure plasma, dry heat sterilization, gamma-irradiation and ultraviolet-C light treatments are among strategies to enhance the quality and safety of pepper. More precautions also have to be taken to regulate the shade, drying temperature and duration, soaking duration, hygienic processing and storage in order to retain quality, minimize the risk of microbial or chemical contaminations and comply with standards.

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Morphological characteristics, yield and quality of black pepper Ciinten variety in three agro ecological conditions

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Morphological characterization and yield of pepper (Piper nigrum L.) types grown in Morogoro District, Tanzania

Morphological characterization and yield of pepper (Piper nigrum L.) types grown in Morogoro District, Tanzania

Diversity of black pepper plant (Piper nigrum) in Bangka Island (Indonesia) based on agro-morphological characters

Pre- and postharvest factors affecting quality and safety of Pepper ( Piper nigrum L.)

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