Morphological Database of Paris for Atmospheric Modeling Purposes

Tack, Andreas; Koskinen, J.; Hellsten, Antti; Sievinen, Pauli; Esau, Igor; Praks, Jaan; Kukkonen, Jaakko; Hallikainen, M.

doi:10.1109/jstars.2012.2201134

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The grid size of the resulting classification is 10 times 10 meters, which was selected to correspond the pixel size of the used Sentinel-2 bands. The classification accuracy was approved to be sufficient for urban atmospheric modeling with neighborhood-scale resolution where the relevant flow phenomena are larger than the individual buildings (Tack et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracting Urban Morphology for Atmospheric Modeling From Multispectral and Sar Satellite Imagery

Wittke

Karila

Puttonen

et al. 2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Commission I, WG I/8KEY WORDS: Urban Morphology, Land Cover Classification, Digital Surface Model, Sentinel-2, TanDEM-X, Satellite Remote Sensing ABSTRACT:This paper presents an approach designed to derive an urban morphology map from satellite data while aiming to minimize the cost of data and user interference. The approach will help to provide updates to the current morphological databases around the world. The proposed urban morphology maps consist of two layers: 1) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and 2) land cover map. Sentinel-2 data was used to create a land cover map, which was realized through image classification using optical range indices calculated from image data. For the purpose of atmospheric modeling, the most important classes are water and vegetation areas. The rest of the area includes bare soil and built-up areas among others, and they were merged into one class in the end. The classification result was validated with ground truth data collected both from field measurements and aerial imagery. The overall classification accuracy for the three classes is 91%. TanDEM-X data was processed into two DEMs with different grid sizes using interferometric SAR processing. The resulting DEM has a RMSE of 3.2 meters compared to a high resolution DEM, which was estimated through 20 control points in flat areas.Comparing the derived DEM with the ground truth DEM from airborne LIDAR data, it can be seen that the street canyons, that are of high importance for urban atmospheric modeling are not detectable in the TanDEM-X DEM. However, the derived DEM is suitable for a class of urban atmospheric models. Based on the numerical modeling needs for regional atmospheric pollutant dispersion studies, the generated files enable the extraction of relevant parametrizations, such as Urban Canopy Parameters (UCP).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracting Urban Morphology for Atmospheric Modeling From Multispectral and Sar Satellite Imagery

Wittke

Karila

Puttonen

et al. 2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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“…PALM is validated for urban flow/flow around solid obstacles (LETZEL et al, 2008a;KANDA et al, 2012). PALM has been applied to real urban morphologies of European and Asian type (LETZEL et al, 2008a,b, LETZEL et al, 2012KANDA et al, 2012;TACK et al, 2012).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LES case study on pedestrian level ventilation in two neighbourhoods in Hong Kong

Letzel¹,

Helmke²,

Ng³

et al. 2012

metz

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Hong Kong is one of the most densely built-up and populated cities in the world. An adequate air ventilation at pedestrian level would ease the thermal stress in its humid subtropical climate, but the high-density city severely reduces the natural ventilation. This case study investigates pedestrian level ventilation in two neighbourhoods in Kowloon, downtown Hong Kong using the parallelized large-eddy-simulation (LES) model PALM. The LES technique is chosen here for a city quarter scale pedestrian comfort study despite of its high computational cost. The aims of the paper are a) to get a comprehensive overview of pedestrian level ventilation and a better understanding of the ventilation processes in downtown Hong Kong, b) to test the LES technique on this urban scale compared to the wind tunnel and c) to investigate how numerical/physical parameters influence ventilation. This case study is restricted to neutral stratification in order to allow a direct comparison with the wind tunnel. A sensitivity study quantifies the dependence of site-averaged ventilation on numerical and physical parameters and determines an appropriate urban LES setup for two 1 km 2 neighbourhoods in Kowloon (Tsim Sha Tsui, Mong Kok) that are investigated for prevailing E and SW wind. The results reveal the critical dependence of ventilation on the urban morphology. Air paths, street orientations, ground coverage, sites fronting the water, inter connectivity of spaces, building podium size and building heights can all affect the pedestrian wind environment. Isolated tall buildings may have a pronounced impact on ventilation both locally and downstream.

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Energy optimal 3D flight path planning for unmanned aerial vehicle in urban environments

2023

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This paper presents a general approach to compute energy optimal flight paths for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in urban environments. To minimize the energy required, the flight path is optimized by exploiting local wind phenomena, i.e., upwind and tailwind areas from the airflow around buildings. A realistic wind field of a model urban environment typical for continental Europe is generated using PALM, a Large Eddy Simulation tool. The calculated wind field feeds into the flight path planning algorithm to minimize the energy required. A specifically tailored A-Star-Algorithm is used to optimize flight trajectories. The approach is demonstrated on a delivery UAV benchmark scenario. Energy optimal flight paths are compared to shortest way trajectories for 12 different scenarios. It is shown that energy can be saved significantly while flying in a city using knowledge of the current wind field.

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Morphological Database of Paris for Atmospheric Modeling Purposes

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Extracting Urban Morphology for Atmospheric Modeling From Multispectral and Sar Satellite Imagery

Extracting Urban Morphology for Atmospheric Modeling From Multispectral and Sar Satellite Imagery

LES case study on pedestrian level ventilation in two neighbourhoods in Hong Kong

Energy optimal 3D flight path planning for unmanned aerial vehicle in urban environments

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