Morphological development and allometric growth of yellowtail kingfishSeriola lalandiV. larvae under culture conditions

Abstract

Morphological development and allometric growth patterns of Seriola lalandi larvae were assessed to characterize normal growth patterns under culture conditions. Early ontogenetic stages of yellowtail kingfish exhibited an exponential growth in terms of standard length as a function of age. Five development stages were characterized from hatching to the juvenile stage: larval stage I (0-2 days post hatch, dph) with endogenous feeding, characterized by a small yolk sac, unpigmented eyes, primordial finfold surrounding the body and a closed mouth; larval stage II (2-15 dph) characterized by mouth opening, complete pigmentation of eyes and the beginning of the exogenous feeding; subsequently, in the larval stage III (15-25 dph) the posterior tip of notochord of the larvae bended upward and the first rays appeared in fins, concomitant with a change in swimming behaviour; thereafter, larval stage IV (post-flexion stage; 25-30 dph) began when larvae resembled in morphology to a juvenile organism; however, caudal and dorsal fins were not completely development. Lastly, the juvenile stage was reached 30 dph characterized by a morphology and fin structures similar to those of the adults. Growth and development of structures and organs associated with vital functions such as feeding, sensorial and breathing systems seemed to be more critical previous to 23 dph, which was reflected with a positive allometric growth of head and eyes during this period. The results from this study can be used as a tool-guide to assess normal development in larval research with S. lalandi to improve existing rearing protocols in hatchery production.

Effects of elevated CO2 on early life history development of the yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, a large pelagic fish

“…The experiments from the two different spawning events are referred to as Trials 1 and 2. Larvae from each spawning were reared to 3 dph, which marks the end of the endogenous feeding stage (Moran et al 2007;Martinez-Montano et al, 2014). A subset of larvae in Trial 1 were also reared to 6 dph without feeding to further explore growth on residual energy stores.…”

Allometric growth and development of organs in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta Ascanius, 1767) larvae in relation to different live prey diets and growth rates

“…Studies of allometric growth patterns can give us more understanding about how the functional larval capacities develop in relation to environmental factors. Most studies of allometric growth in fish larvae have focused upon external characters in relation to general larval growth patterns and development ( Fuiman, 1983 ; Gisbert et al, 2002 ; Nikolioudakis et al, 2010 , 2014 ; Khemis et al, 2013 ; Martínez-Montaño et al, 2016 ), critical ontogenetic transitions ( Gozlan et al, 1999 ; Simonovíc et al, 1999 ) and to the development of locomotion, swimming capacity and feeding behaviour ( Osse and van den Boogaart, 1999 ). These studies often find two different shifts (inflection points) in relative growth, correlated to morpho-functional changes during the larval development.…”

Utilização de diferentes alimentos na larvicultura do peixe ornamental amazônico Acará Severo

“…As pós-larvas alimentadas com artêmia e ração + artêmia apresentaram os maiores valores para as variáveis morfométricas avaliadas. Observações morfológicas são ferramentas valiosas para detectar e descrever anomalias corporais em peixes, principalmente nos estádios iniciais de desenvolvimento (MARTÍNEZ-MONTAÑO et al, 2016). Informações sobre o desenvolvimento morfológico inicial dos peixes são necessárias para melhorar as técnicas de criação de larvas, através da modificação de parâmetros ambientais e práticas de alimentação (GISBERT et al, 2002).…”