Morphological Differentiation of Implanted Brown and White Fats

Ferren, L.G.

doi:10.2307/3627430

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Histological analysis revealed that the BAT transplants had a progressively decreased multilocular appearance over time, and the remaining multilocular cells were surrounded by unilocular cells (Supplemental Figure 4, C and D). These findings are similar to those of previous studies in which transplants of BAT into the kidney capsule of mice (15,16) or transplants of BAT-engineered myoblastic precursors (26) resulted in multilocular cells surrounded by unilocular cells. We also performed cold-exposure studies to determine whether the transplanted BAT maintained thermogenic properties.…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Past studies differed from the current study in terms of location of transplantation, time course of study, and success of transplantation (15)(16)(17)(30)(31)(32), and none of these previous studies reported the effects of transplantation on whole-body glucose metabolism or insulin sensitivity (15)(16)(17)(30)(31)(32). The transplants from the current study were successful out to 12 weeks after transplantation, as indicated by the presence of innerva- tion and vascular markers in the transplanted tissue.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 37%

“…Nonetheless, these efforts have been hampered by the limited success in developing BAT transplantation models that can be sustained for more than 3-4 weeks (15)(16)(17). Consequently, the effects of BAT transplantation on metabolic homeostasis have not been established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brown adipose tissue regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity

Stanford

Middelbeek²,

Townsend³

et al. 2012

J. Clin. Invest.

1,019

871

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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is known to function in the dissipation of chemical energy in response to cold or excess feeding, and also has the capacity to modulate energy balance. To test the hypothesis that BAT is fundamental to the regulation of glucose homeostasis, we transplanted BAT from male donor mice into the visceral cavity of age-and sex-matched recipient mice. By 8-12 weeks following transplantation, recipient mice had improved glucose tolerance, increased insulin sensitivity, lower body weight, decreased fat mass, and a complete reversal of high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. Increasing the quantity of BAT transplanted into recipient mice further improved the metabolic effects of transplantation. BAT transplantation increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in vivo into endogenous BAT, white adipose tissue (WAT), and heart muscle but, surprisingly, not skeletal muscle. The improved metabolic profile was lost when the BAT used for transplantation was obtained from Il6-knockout mice, demonstrating that BAT-derived IL-6 is required for the profound effects of BAT transplantation on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. These findings reveal a previously under-appreciated role for BAT in glucose metabolism.

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Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 37%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Brown adipose tissue regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity

Stanford

Middelbeek²,

Townsend³

et al. 2012

J. Clin. Invest.

1,019

871

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When intraocular transplantation was performed after sympathetic denervation, differentiation of brown adipocytes still occurred, but was slower and less robust 89 . Brown fat has also been transplanted under the kidney capsule 90 , but no innervation was observed in this location even after two weeks.…”

Section: Transplantation Of Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Transplantation of adipose tissue and stem cells: role in metabolism and disease

2010

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Humans and other mammals have three main fat depots - visceral white fat, subcutaneous white fat, and brown fat - each possessing unique cell-autonomous properties. In contrast to visceral fat which can induce detrimental metabolic effects, subcutaneous white fat and brown fat have potential beneficial metabolic effects, including improved glucose homeostasis and increased energy consumption, which might be transferred by transplantation of these fat tissues. In addition, fat contains adipose-derived stem cells that have been shown to have multilineage properties which may be of value in repair or replacement of various cell lineages. Thus, transplantation of fat is now being explored as a possible tool to capture the beneficial metabolic effects of subcutaneous white fat, brown fat, and adipose-derived stem cells. Currently, fat transplantation has been explored primarily as a tool to study physiology, with the only application to humans being reconstructive surgery. Ultimately, the application of fat transplantation for treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders will reside in the level of safety, reliability, and efficacy when compared to other treatments.

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“…Data suggest that the upregulation of brown adipose tissue activity can contribute to a lean and metabolically healthy phenotype in humans; these findings also suggest that the transplantation or stimulation of brown adipose tissue might be used as a therapeutic approach to increase energy expenditure and lower white adipose tissue mass and improve the overall metabolism, also is used as a potential induction of beneficial metabolic effects and treatment of diseases, such as obesity, lipodystrophy, or cardiovascular disease. As the amount of endogenous brown adipose tissue is very limited, identification and manipulation of critical regulators of brown adipose tissue differentiation have been used to engineer brown adipose tissue in order to induce beneficial effects [ 104 , 105 ]. Ultimately, the clinical applicability of adipose tissue transplantation for the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders will reside in the achievable level of safety, reliability and efficacy compared with other treatments [ 17 ].…”

Section: The New Paradigm: Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Metabolic Syndrome, Lipodystrophy, and Aging Be Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exhaustion Syndromes?

Mansilla¹,

Aquino²,

Zambón

et al. 2011

Stem Cells International

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One of the most important and complex diseases of modern society is metabolic syndrome. This syndrome has not been completely understood, and therefore an effective treatment is not available yet. We propose a possible stem cell mechanism involved in the development of metabolic syndrome. This way of thinking lets us consider also other significant pathologies that could have similar etiopathogenic pathways, like lipodystrophic syndromes, progeria, and aging. All these clinical situations could be the consequence of a progressive and persistent stem cell exhaustion syndrome (SCES). The main outcome of this SCES would be an irreversible loss of the effective regenerative mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pools. In this way, the normal repairing capacities of the organism could become inefficient. Our point of view could open the possibility for a new strategy of treatment in metabolic syndrome, lipodystrophic syndromes, progeria, and even aging: stem cell therapies.

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Morphological Differentiation of Implanted Brown and White Fats

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Brown adipose tissue regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity

Brown adipose tissue regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity

Transplantation of adipose tissue and stem cells: role in metabolism and disease

Could Metabolic Syndrome, Lipodystrophy, and Aging Be Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exhaustion Syndromes?

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