Morphological divergences and ecological correlates among wild populations of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Morphological plasticity in a wild freshwater fish, Systomus sarana (Cyprinidae) from India: a glimpse through advanced morphometric toolkits 

“…Therefore, in a geographically vast country like India having a number of isolated rivers, there is more possibility of variations among sh populations, which can be clearly depicted in the present study. The present study is in agreement with previous studies conducted with the same objective of detecting intraspecies morphological differences in other cyprinids [69][70][71][72] and non-cyprinids [49,73,74] Though, there are also reports on low morphometric divergences despite of geographically isolated populations [75]. Hence, patterns of morphological structure in shes differed between river basins/rivers/river stretches.…”

“…The morphological variation could probably be coupled with the variation of feeding regimes and above-mentioned habitat circumstances [46,55,56,[66][67][68]. Additionally, different reports indicate variations of the whole sh body are mainly due to sh inhibiting in different ow regimes [56,69].…”

Morphological and molecular divergence of Indian hill trout,Barilius bendelisis(Hamilton, 1822) stocks from different Rivers in Indo‐Burma biodiversity hotspot: Does river altitude and Dam play a role?

“…All these distinctive morphological variations may be because of phenotypic heterogeneity and geographic isolation showing limited mixing and restricted gene flow between the stocks as suggested by Khan et al () and Kashyap, Awasthi, and Serajuddin () in a study of Channa puntatus morphometric variation and by Mir, Mir, Chandra, and Patiyal () in a study of morphometric variation among three populations of Shizothorax plagiostomus . Though all the three rivers belong to same drainage system in the present study, the geographic variation in terms of altitude (Shukla & Bhat, ) may be one of the reasons for their morphological variation as Kameng river is at 890 ft, Myntudu River is at 2,160 ft and Teesta River is at 4,600 ft above msl. Besides this, presence of barrage on Teesta River in Oodlabari of West Bengal and Leshka dam of Meghalaya might be the reason for their migration hindrance, avoiding the mixing with other stocks in lower stretch.…”

“…As the sampling sites in Teesta River and Myntudu River were in fast flow than Kameng River, DO 2 could be expected to be high, affecting the body shape. The variation among the three stocks could be consequence of uncommon hydrological conditions such as alkalinity difference, temperatures, turbidity and land-use patterns as suggested by and Shukla and Bhat (2017).…”

“…This can be one of the reasons in influencing the body shape of this species as the sampling sites in Teesta River of Sikkim had very fast flow in comparison to Kameng and Myntudu river of Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya, respectively. Divergence in morphology can also be contributed by dissolved oxygen availability in the water body as suggested by Shukla and Bhat (2017). As the sampling sites in Teesta River and Myntudu River were in fast flow than Kameng River, DO 2 could be expected to be high, affecting the body shape.…”