Morphological markers of liver function in alcohol intoxication

Morozov, Yu. E.; Породенко, В. А.; Травенко, Е. Н.; Gornostaev, D. V.

doi:10.17116/sudmed20196203137

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This process in the liver, characterized as immune inflammatory one, is logically explained from the standpoint of structural and functional shifts in the liver acinus under hepatic cirrhosis. Destructive and dystrophic shifts detected by histological examination of the liver in the hepatoportal and tubular sections of the liver acini, as well as in the central sections of the liver cells, are characterized by successively aggravated stages of liver failure [7,[11][12][13]. The acinar model facilitates the understanding of the various clinical and morphological characteristics of liver failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatic cirrhosis according to the forensic medical autopsy data from Moscow for the period of 2007-2016

et al. 2019

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Study purpose is to demonstrate the dynamics of mortality due to hepatic cirrhosis according to forensic medical autopsy data over the period from 2007 to 2016. Material and methods ― 268,139 protocols of forensic autopsies were studied to identify the number of deaths by hepatic cirrhosis over ten years between 2012 and 2016 and to determine the number of cases of liver failure associated with cirrhosis. To clarify the dynamics of mortality due to hepatic cirrhosis, a comparative analysis of two chronologically consecutive five-year periods, 2007-2011 and 2012-2016, has been conducted. The age of deceased by hepatic cirrhosis was studied. The number of cases with a histologically verified form of hepatic cirrhosis was specified. The average values and the percentage ratio of the number of examinations performed to the total number of all autopsies for non-violent death cases were calculated. Results ― Over ten years of study, death by hepatic cirrhosis was diagnosed 3,092 times, including 749 times with histologically confirmed liver failure. In 2009, there was an abrupt increase in mortality due to hepatic cirrhosis by the factor of 3.8, and the lowest mortality level was found in 2016. When comparing the mentioned two quinquennia, the first of them, 2007-2011, was characterized by an increase in the number of diagnosed hepatic cirrhosis. During the second one, 2012-2016, on the contrary, the dynamics of a decrease in the number of hepatic cirrhosis was revealed. At the average, the annual decrease in the number of hepatic cirrhosis diagnosed during the forensic medical examinations of corpses was 7.7%. The number of established cases of liver failure during the first five-year period compared with the data on the second one was significantly greater. In 2010, there were 109 such cases, in 2016 only 13. Among the histologically verified diagnoses, micronodular and mixed forms of hepatic cirrhosis prevailed. Most of the cases of hepatic cirrhosis were found in men aged within 31-40. Conclusion ― It has been found that over the past five years there has been a shift in the forensic-medical mortality values due to hepatic cirrhosis from the increasing trend to the decreasing one. If within the period of 2007-2011 an increase in diagnosed hepatic cirrhosis was observed, then during 2012-2016 a pronounced decreasing tendency in the number of such diagnoses was disclosed. During that time the number of histologically verified cases of hepatic failure decreased by 43.0%. As a cause of death, hepatic cirrhosis was more often recorded in men aged within 30–40.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to morphological data, the stage of liver failure indicates the prevalence of destructive and dystrophic changes of hepatocytes in the hepatic acini. Pursuant to this concept, all deaths by hepatic cirrhosis were divided into three groups, each of which corresponded to a certain stage of liver failure [7] as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic cirrhosis according to the forensic medical autopsy data from Moscow for the period of 2007-2016

et al. 2019

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“…Цель исследования.С этих позиций представляют интерес динамика морфологических изменений в яичках при острой и хронической интоксикациях в эксперименте и сопоставление их с секционно-морфологическими данными лицс соответствующим алкогольным катамнезом, умерших от отравления этанолом [7].…”

Section: обоснованиеunclassified

Morphological changes in the testes of white rats and humans in acute and chronic alcoholic intoxications: Experimental and sectional study

Ulanov

Anattolij²

2023

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine

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Background. Of particular interest is the study of the effect of ethyl alcohol, narcotic drugs on the male reproductive apparatus. There are practically no studies of morphological transformations in the testicles during alcohol intoxication, which, at the current level of ethanol consumption by men of reproductive age, is both a social and medical problem that is far from being solved. Aims. In the course of an acute and chronic experiment, to study the severity and dynamics of morphological changes in the gonads during alcohol intoxication in mature rats and compare with those in individuals who died with the phenomena of one of the forms of alcoholic disease and severe alcohol catamnesis. Material and methods. The material for the study was the testicles of sexually mature rats that were subjected to acute and chronic alcohol intoxication (from 2 weeks to 6 months), as well as the testicles of persons who died in the blood of which ethyl alcohol was found (at least 5 promile), and there was alcohol catamnesis. Results. Both in the experimental and sectional material, the stroma of the testicles was characterized by severe circulatory disorders with plethora and stasis in postcapillaries and small veins, edema, and phenomena of perivascular and interstitial sclerosis. The inhibition of spermatogenesis in the sectional material was more pronounced and indicated that it was alcohol that was the main etiopathological factor in the changes found. Conclusion. Chronic alcohol intoxication (both in rats and men) manifests itself as a damaging effect both directly, with changes in the stroma and testicular parenchyma, and indirectly on the overlying links of the reproductive supersystem (hypothalamus and pituitary gland). The neurotoxic, microangiopathic and disenergetic effects of ethanol inhibit normal spermatogenesis. Ultimately, the negative effect of alcohol from the standpoint of morphological analysis is realized here in the form of hypotesticular conditions, morphological manifestations of the testicular wasting syndrome.

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Forensic medical evaluation of an isolated injury of the small bowel mesentery and its vessels (literature review extended with expert case report)

Makarova

Kuznetsov

Bachurin

et al. 2021

Med. vestn. Ûga Ross.

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This work summarizes information from the modern scientific literature devoted to the issues of morphology and mechanisms of an isolated mesenteric injury, which is rare in expert practice. Apart from classic forensic medical papers, publications over 2000 – 2020, devoted to abdominal organ injuries, were analyzed. In the search engines PUBMED and eLibrary.ru, a selection of sources was made according to the keywords: “rupture of the mesenteric root of the small intestine,” “diagnostics,” “forensic medical evaluation.” The results of the literature analysis were used in the study of the repeated forensic medical examination materials of a case of rapid death (in 1.5 hours) due to a traumatic rupture of the mesentery of the small bowel and its large vessels. The combined analysis of the expert case report and special scientific literature allows us to devise the following conclusions: 1. A forensic expert must have expert knowledge in the normal anatomy of the abdominal aorta’s unpaired vessels and their accompanying veins location and know about their variable topographic and anatomical features. 2. Life-threatening bleeding from the damaged vessel of the mesentery of the small bowel occurs in a wide time interval after the mechanical damage. 3. The development of life-threatening intra-abdominal bleeding is due to the scope of damage and the rate of blood flow from the damaged vessel. 4. Thorough examination of the area of rupture of the mesenteric vessel and the state of the tissues in the circumference of the rupture allow to establish the mechanism of injury. 5. Ignorance of the mechanism of injury and specifics of the formation of injuries is the cause of expert errors and scientifically unfounded conclusions. 6. There is no reference material on the rate of blood flow from a damaged large vessel.

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Morphological markers of liver function in alcohol intoxication

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Hepatic cirrhosis according to the forensic medical autopsy data from Moscow for the period of 2007-2016

Hepatic cirrhosis according to the forensic medical autopsy data from Moscow for the period of 2007-2016

Morphological changes in the testes of white rats and humans in acute and chronic alcoholic intoxications: Experimental and sectional study

Forensic medical evaluation of an isolated injury of the small bowel mesentery and its vessels (literature review extended with expert case report)

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