Morphological variation between populations of the expanding ectoparasitic deer ked<i>Lipoptena cervi</i>(Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in Fennoscandia

Jaakola, Mervi; Ojanen, Meri; Hurme, Eija; Mutanen, Marko; Wahlberg, Niklas; Välimäki, Panu; Kaitala, Arja

doi:10.1111/bij.12587

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Lipoptena cervi was the only deer ked species microscopically and molecularly identified on C. capreolus , C. elaphus , R. rupicapra and O. aries musimon in the present study. Despite the expected presence of slight morphological variations (Jakoola et al ., ), no misidentification occurred with any other Lipoptena spp., as confirmed by PCR amplification and analysis of CO1 and CAD gene fragments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Deer keds on wild ungulates in northern Italy, with a taxonomic key for the identification of Lipoptena spp. of Europe

Salvetti¹,

Bianchi

Marangi

et al. 2019

Medical Vet Entomology

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Deer keds (Lipoptena spp.) are blood-sucking ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals, and also accidentally of humans. In Europe, five Lipoptena spp. have been recorded, although the lack of specific taxonomic keys has often led to mistaken identification or to missing data. The present study aimed to develop an identification key of the European species and also to identify Lipoptena spp. found on wild ungulates in northern Italy. In total, 390 hippoboscids were collected from Rupicapra rupicapra, Capreolus capreolus, Cervus elaphus and Ovis aries musimon in an Alpine area of Italy. After morphological identification, 140 specimens were subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial (CO1) and nuclear (CAD) gene sequences. Despite the expected presence of slight morphological variations, all specimens examined were identified both microscopically and molecularly as Lipoptena cervi (100% identity for both CO1 and CAD genes). The massive increase in wild ungulate populations can favour the possibility of detecting other species of Lipoptena. The identification keys proposed in the present study may help with monitoring the presence of Lipoptena species, particularly in European countries where this ectoparasite is neglected and for which various data (from diffusion to control methods) are still missing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Deer keds on wild ungulates in northern Italy, with a taxonomic key for the identification of Lipoptena spp. of Europe

Salvetti¹,

Bianchi

Marangi

et al. 2019

Medical Vet Entomology

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“…Thus, molecular analysis could help determine the species of deer keds correctly. Jaakola et al (2015) have demonstrated that in Scandinavian countries (Norway, Sweden, and Finland), the genetic diversity among L. cervi is very low; the genetic diversity between and within different populations is only 0.1%. Kurina et al (2019) showed that intra-specific genetic distances in L. cervi vary from 0.000 to 0.026 (average 0.002 ± 0.004 SD) and in L. fortisetosa from 0.000 to 0.023 (0.01 ± 0.007 SD average).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence, abundance, and molecular characterization ofLipoptenadeer keds from cervids

Klepeckienė

Radzijevskaja

Ražanskė

et al. 2020

Journal of Vector Ecology

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The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and abundance of deer keds on various cervids in Lithuania, to molecularly characterize the deer ked species based on mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes, and to compare them with Lipoptena species found in other countries. A total of 11,939 deer keds (Lipoptena cervi and Lipoptena fortisetosa) was collected from the fur of 30 cervids in Lithuania between 2015 and 2019. The values of infestation with deer keds differed among the species of the hosts. Moose and red deer were more frequently infested with L. cervi than with L. fortisetosa, while L. fortisetosa was found more often on roe deer. Phylogenetic analysis of the COI and 16S rRNA genes of five Lipoptena species revealed 110 and 55 variable nucleotide positions, respectively. Among Lithuanian samples, three COI haplotypes of L. cervi and three haplotypes of L. fortisetosa were detected, while there was no variation observed in the 16S rRNA sequences analyzed with one haplotype of L. cervi and one haplotype of L. fortisetosa. This is the first study on L. cervi and L. fortisetosa parasitizing cervids and the first molecular characterization of these deer ked species in Lithuania.

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“…Dalsze badania porównawcze (24) potwierdziły obserwowane różnice. Tymczasem wyniki badań molekularnych prowadzonych w Skandynawii wskazują na istnienie kilku populacji w obrębie jednego gatunku Lipoptena cervi, pasożytującego u jeleniowatych, których duża zmienność morfologiczna wynika głównie z wpływu czynników klimatycznych (20).…”

Section: Biologia I Opis Gatunków Pasożytówunclassified

Biodivesity and importance of hippoboscids infection in cervids

Kowal

Nosal

Kornas

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The present paper focuses on three species belonging to the family Hippoboscidae: Hippobosca equina, Lipoptena cervi and L. fortisetosa – haematophagus ectoparasites typical of cervids. In Europe, the forest flies (H. equina) are observed mainly in horses and cattle, but the primary host of this parasite is the red deer (Cervus elaphus). The host group of deer keds Lipoptena sp. include different ruminant species belonging to Cervidae (moose, red deer, sika deer, fallow deer, roe deer and maral) and Bovidae family (mouflon, european bison, cattle, sheep and goat). Furthermore, some species of carnivores (European badger, dog and red fox) can be accidental hosts. The presence of adult hippoboscid flies in the environment shows strong seasonality. One or two generations of H. equina occurs from May to October. The alate forms of univoltine Lipoptena cervi and probably multivoltine L. fortisetosa appear from August to September, and from June to September, respectively. During warm autumns, both species can be observed in late October, or even November. Hippobosca equina and Lipoptena cervi are native species, unlike the foreign L. fortisetosa. This Asian species was noted in Europe for the first time in the 1960s, and has rapidly spread in numerous countries. The most probable way of L. fortisetosa introduction to Europe was translocation via host (probably sika deer), or natural dispersion throughout Eurasia. Therefore L. fortisetosa should be treated as an alien invasive species in Poland and Europe. Interest in these three neglected dipteran species has increased after reports of their veterinary and medical importance. All these parasite species are able to attack humans. Bites of these insects are considered painful, cause skin lesions with the presence of characteristic persistent pruritic papules, and, in extreme cases, may result in an anaphylactic reaction. Hippoboscids can play a role in the transmission of bacterial pathogens, including Anaplasma and Bartonella genera, dangerous for humans and animals. Permanent and intensive attacks on humans, during the seasonal mass occurrence of these parasites, can hinder forestry work, as well as harvesting, recreation, and hunting activities in forested areas.

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Morphological variation between populations of the expanding ectoparasitic deer kedLipoptena cervi(Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in Fennoscandia

Cited by 10 publications

References 69 publications

Deer keds on wild ungulates in northern Italy, with a taxonomic key for the identification of Lipoptena spp. of Europe

Deer keds on wild ungulates in northern Italy, with a taxonomic key for the identification of Lipoptena spp. of Europe

The prevalence, abundance, and molecular characterization ofLipoptenadeer keds from cervids

Biodivesity and importance of hippoboscids infection in cervids

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