MORPHOLOGY AND CELL BIOMASS OF SPONGE Aaptos aaptos AND

Abstract

<p>Aaptos aaptos and Petrosia sp. sponges are known for their ability to produce potential marine bioactive compound. As a metazoan animal with simple body structure, the morphology and it association with symbiont-bacteria could influence their bioactive compound both type and activity, as much as their habitat adaptation. In order to determine morphology and its cell biomass of Aaptos aaptos dan Petrosia sp., samples were taken from the West Pari Island, at 7 m depth. Preserved samples (in 4% formaldehyde) were examined using a histological mounting and centrifugation method to separate the cells fraction of sponge’s tissues. A. aaptos sponge has a soft body structure with 55.9% skeleton-forming fraction, 14.2% sponge cell fraction and 29.9% bacteria fraction. Meanwhile, Petrosia sp. sponge has a rigid body with dominant skeleton-forming fraction (68.6%), and lesser sponge cell and bacteria associated (19.7% and 11.7%, respectively).</p><p>Keywords: A. aaptos, Petrosia sp, morphology, cell biomass</p>

Identification of marine sponges-symbiotic bacteria and their application in degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

“…Phenotype data for sponge-symbiotic bacteria is also one of the variables that can be used as a reference in the tracking of prospective bacteria for biodegradation of PAH components in waste. Previous studies by (Ismet et al 2011;Wang et al 2018) have explained that bacteria that respond positively to the Methyl Red (MR) reagent are bacteria that ferment glucose into acidic products. If bacteria reacted positively with Voges-Proskauer (VP), it shows that the bacteria have the ability to reduce the molecular structure of simple chemical components based on their ability to ferment butanediol (Akinde and Iwuozor 2012).…”

“…The mesohyl portion of each sponge was cut crosssectional immediately after the sponge was immersed in 70% methanol, and observed under a hemocytometer phase-contrast microscope. The sponge sample was crushed in a blender, then the suspension was analyzed using a hemocytometer phase-contrast microscope to see the types of cells, and skeletons sponges (Ismet et al 2011;Marzuki et al 2016). Phenotype analysis of symbiont bacteria was carried out using bacterial isolates biochemical test applied a typical biochemical reagent assay (Kurniawan 2012).…”

Keanekaragaman Spons pada Ekosistem Padang Lamun di Perairan Malang Rapat, Kabupaten Bintan

“…Ditemukan di daerah terumbu karang dalam (Kelly, 2015). Porifera ini juga tumbuh menempel pada substrat-substrat yang keras seperti bebatuan atau karang (Ismet et al, 2011).…”

Sponge Role In Alleviating Oil Pollution Through Sludge Reduction, A Preliminary Approach

“…Symbiont microorganisms with a sponge has a role in spongesbiological systems, which is both a source of food by microorganisms or by sponge, and microsymbiont make sponge as host for life and utilize micro sponge symbionts in defense in order to adapt and live in polluted environments. [3,5,14,15] Alkane fraction is one of the oil component easily degraded by bacteria than aromatic fraction, or fraction asfaltic and other fractions as alkanes are more soluble in water and diffuses into the cell membranes of bacteria. There are three main factors that determine the rate and mechanism of hydrocarbon biodegradation by microorganisms components, namely: 1) components of hydrocarbons as substrate, including the type, concentration and toxicity, 2) degrading microorganisms, including the type, the number of colonies, nutrients, time, and adaptability , 3) environment, consisting of temperature, pH, pressure, oxygen supply, salinity.…”

“…There are three main factors that determine the rate and mechanism of hydrocarbon biodegradation by microorganisms components, namely: 1) components of hydrocarbons as substrate, including the type, concentration and toxicity, 2) degrading microorganisms, including the type, the number of colonies, nutrients, time, and adaptability , 3) environment, consisting of temperature, pH, pressure, oxygen supply, salinity. [2,3,15] Melawai beach Balikpapan, is one of the beaches with extreme environment for marine life including sponges because it iscontaminated by toxicpetroleum concentration of hydrocarbons in sludge was determined by using internal standard method.…”