Morphology and Function of the Entero-Endocrine Cells

Grube, D.; Forssmann, W. G.

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1092785

Cited by 88 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Although the electron microscope did not allow to identify the nature of the hormones, several endocrine cell types could be suggested to interact with GABA on the simple basis of their granular morphology: D, D1, or X cells (Grube and Forssmann 1979;Solcia et al 1975Solcia et al , 1981Solcia et al , 1987. The A-like, EC, ECL, and G cells can be excluded because the characteristic morphology of their granules does not correspond to that observed in the labelled cells (Grube and Forssmann 1979;Solcia et al 1975Solcia et al , 1981Solcia et al , 1987Schwartz 1983, 1984). Nevertheless, even if typical EC cells with pleiomorphic secretory granules were never seen marked with high-resolution autoradiography, it is not excluded that other cells containing serotonin could perhaps interact with GABA.…”

Section: Immunocytochemical and Autoradiographic Localization Of Gabamentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical and autoradiographic studies of the endocrine cells interacting with GABA in the rat stomach

et al. 1990

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There are now increasing evidences suggesting that GABA is able of direct interaction with certain endocrine cells. In the present study, highly specific anti-GABA-glutaraldehyde antibodies and 3H-GABA uptake were used at the light and electron microscope levels to investigate the occurrence of cells containing endogenous GABA or taking up exogenous GABA in the mucosal antrum and corpus of the rat stomach. Only certain endocrine cell types of both regions were immunostained or grain-labelled. However, the morphology of their secretory granules did not allow to identify the nature of their hormone with certainty but suggested that somatostatin-like cells could interact with GABA. The combination of gastrin and somatostatin immunodetection with 3H-GABA uptake autoradiography at the light microscope level, revealed that a subpopulation of somatostatin-like cells and other still unidentified endocrine cells are able to take up GABA, while the gastrin-like cells are not. These results rei... Summary. There are now increasing evidences suggesting that GABA is able of direct interaction with certain endocrine cells. In the present study, highly specific anti-GABAglutaraldehyde antibodies and aH-GABA uptake were used at the light and electron microscope levels to investigate the occurrence of cells containing endogenous GABA or taking up exogenous GABA in the mucosal antrum and corpus of the rat stomach. Only certain endocrine cell types of both regions were immunostained or grain-labelled. However, the morphology of their secretory granules did not allow to identify the nature of their hormone with certainty but suggested that somatostatin-like cells could interact with GABA. The combination of gastrin and somatostatin immunodetection with aH-GABA uptake autoradiography at the light microscope level, revealed that a subpopulation of somatostatin-like cells and other still unidentified endocrine cells are able to take up GABA, while the gastrin-like cells are not. These results reinforce the hypothesis that certain endocrine cell types of the diffuse endocrine system of the digestive tract are able to directly interact with GABA.

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Section: Immunocytochemical and Autoradiographic Localization Of Gabamentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical and autoradiographic studies of the endocrine cells interacting with GABA in the rat stomach

et al. 1990

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“…Four types of endocrine cells have been identified in the oxyntic mucosa with the following relative abundances: ECL, D, enterochromaffin (EC), and X/A-like cells (32,59,91,223). The rat oxyntic gland contains ϳ60 -70% ECL cells, 20% X/A-like cells, 2-5% D cells, and 0 -2% EC cells; in the human, the corresponding percentages are 30, 20, 22, and 7%.…”

Section: B Stomach and Gastrointestinal Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin: Structure and Function

Kojima

Kangawa²

2005

Physiological Reviews

1,621

1,176

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Small synthetic molecules called growth hormone secretagogues (GHSs) stimulate the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary. They act through the GHS-R, a G protein-coupled receptor whose ligand has only been discovered recently. Using a reverse pharmacology paradigm with a stable cell line expressing GHS-R, we purified an endogenous ligand for GHS-R from rat stomach and named it “ghrelin,” after a word root (“ghre”) in Proto-Indo-European languages meaning “grow.” Ghrelin is a peptide hormone in which the third amino acid, usually a serine but in some species a threonine, is modified by a fatty acid; this modification is essential for ghrelin's activity. The discovery of ghrelin indicates that the release of GH from the pituitary might be regulated not only by hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone, but also by ghrelin derived from the stomach. In addition, ghrelin stimulates appetite by acting on the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, a region known to control food intake. Ghrelin is orexigenic; it is secreted from the stomach and circulates in the bloodstream under fasting conditions, indicating that it transmits a hunger signal from the periphery to the central nervous system. Taking into account all these activities, ghrelin plays important roles for maintaining GH release and energy homeostasis in vertebrates.

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“…Ghrelin immune-reactive cells are more abundant in the fundus than in the pylorus (Date et al, 2000;Tomasetto et al, 2001;Yabuki et al, 2004). In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis indicate that ghrelin-containing cells are a distinct endocrine cell type found in the gastric mucosa (Date et al, 2000;Rindi et al, 2002 (Capella et al, 1969;Solcia et al, 1975;Grube & Forssmann, 1979). The granule contents of X/A-like cells had not been identified until the discovery of ghrelin.…”

Section: Stomach and Other Gastrointestinal Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin, a Gastric Hormone with Diverse Functions

Li¹,

Luo²,

Li³

et al. 2012

Chemical Biology

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Morphology and Function of the Entero-Endocrine Cells

Abstract: Tbe final proof 01' this hypothesis is, however, still laeking. Coneerning the differentiation and eell cyele of entero-endocrine eells, !ittle knowledge dealing with these problems is actually available.

Cited by 88 publications

References 8 publications

Immunocytochemical and autoradiographic studies of the endocrine cells interacting with GABA in the rat stomach

Immunocytochemical and autoradiographic studies of the endocrine cells interacting with GABA in the rat stomach

Ghrelin: Structure and Function

Ghrelin, a Gastric Hormone with Diverse Functions

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