Nucleobase-containing
polymers have received great attention for
their complementary multiple hydrogen bonding between nucleobases.
However, their polymerization is difficult due to poor solubility
in a solvent. In this study, we successfully synthesized adenine-containing
block copolymers, poly(9-(4-vinylbenzyl)adenine)-block-polystyrene (PVBA-b-PS), using reversible addition–fragmentation
chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in polar solvents of dimethyl
sulfoxide and
N
,
N-dimethylformamide and characterized them
by size exclusion chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
We measured the temperature dependence of the Flory–Huggins
interaction parameter (χ) between PVBA and PS as χ = 0.3847
+ 55.763/T. The χ was very large (∼0.5
at 200 °C). The phase behavior of PVBA-b-PS
with various volume fractions of PS block (f
PS) was investigated via small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission
electron microscopy. With increasing f
PS from 0.1 to 0.8, body-centered-cubic spheres of PS, hexagonally
packed (HEX) cylinders of PS, lamellae, and HEX cylinders of PVBA
were observed. Interestingly, PVBA-b-PS with f
PS = 0.75 showed asymmetric lamellar microdomains.
We also prepared a thin film of PVBA-b-PS on a substrate
as a template for spatial arrangement of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).
When the surface of AuNPs was modified with thymine-containing polymer
chains, AuNPs were selectively sequestered into PVBA microdomains
through the complementary hydrogen bonding between thymine and adenine
units.