Morphology, flowering and seed production of Zostera capricorni Aschers. in subtropical Australia

Conacher, C.A.; Poiner, I. R.; O'Donohue, M. J.

doi:10.1016/0304-3770(94)90004-3

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Intraspecific morphological variability in seagrass communities, when growing under different environmental conditions, has been reported for Zostera marina (Ostenfeld 1908;Setchell 1929;Philip 1936;Biebl and McRoy 1971;Drew 1979;Phillips and Lewis 1983;Backman 1991;van Lent and Verschuure 1994a,b), Z. japonica (Harrison 1982), Z. noltii (den Hartog 1970;Pérez-Lloréns and Niell 1993b), Z. capricorni (Conacher et al 1994), Z. capensis (Adams and Talbot 1992), Halodule spp. (den Hartog 1970), Halophila ovalis (den Hartog 1970) and Thalassia testudinum (McMillan and Phillips 1979), being mainly attributed to bathymetric gradients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Morphological and physiological differences between two morphotypes of Zostera noltii Hornem. from the south-western Iberian Peninsula

Peralta¹,

Pérez‐Lloréns²,

Hernández³

et al. 2000

Helgoland Marine Research

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The morphological and physiological differences between two morphotypes of Z. noltii Hornem. were studied in the intertidal meadows on the southwestern Iberian Peninsula (Palmones river estuary and Ria Formosa). A small-leaved morphotype (SM) grows mainly at high intertidal sites, meadow edges or in recently deposited sandbanks, whereas a large-leaved morphotype (LM) generally thrives in well-structured beds or in deeper places. This study deals with the morphological, biochemical and physiological differences between these morphotypes as well as the ecological implications of the occurrence of different morphotypes in the same meadow. Shoot length, leaf width, rhizome internode length, roots per node, root length, leaf nutrient and pigment contents, and photosynthetic rates of both morphotypes were compared. The below-ground architecture (root and rhizome complex) of both morphotypes was more developed in sites characterized by higher hydrodynamics and/or a lower nitrogen content in sediments. Both morphotypes showed similar values for photosynthetic efficiency, dark respiration rate and compensation irradiance. On the other hand, the net photosynthetic capacity was much greater (5-fold) for the SM. This difference could explain the greater growth rate and faster leaf turnover rate of the SM compared with the LM. The occurrence of the SM in newly settled areas (and in the meadow edges) could be explained on the basis of its higher growth rate, which would allow a faster spreading of the meadow and/or better recovery after burial resulting from stormy weathers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Morphological and physiological differences between two morphotypes of Zostera noltii Hornem. from the south-western Iberian Peninsula

Peralta¹,

Pérez‐Lloréns²,

Hernández³

et al. 2000

Helgoland Marine Research

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“…Factors tested: a = nothing; b = temperature; c = salinity; d = substrate type; e = time; f = scarification; g = osmotic pressure/dessication; h = seedling recruitment; i = seed bank; j =light; k = source; 1 = nutrients; m =hormone; n = oxygen; o = burial depth; p = color; q = planting treatment; r = disturbance; NA = not available; -= not applicable; Both = study conducted (in part or whole) under both conditions Kuo et al (1990) Turner (1983) Turner (1985) Reed et al (1998 Edgecumbe (1980) Murray & Larkum ( 1 992) Conacher et al (1994a) Conacher et al (1994b…”

Section: Seed Germination Research: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of issues in seagrass seed dormancy and germination:implications for conservation and restoration

Orth¹,

Harwell²,

Bailey³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

184

116

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Seagrasses have received considerable attention over the past 2 decades because of the multiple ecological roles they play in estuarine and coastal ecosystems and concerns over worldwide losses of seagrass habitat due to direct and indirect human impacts. Restoration and conservation efforts are underway in some areas of the world, but progress may be limited by the paucity of information on the role of seeds in bed dynamics. Although flowering occurs in most of the 58 seagrass species, seed germination data exist for only 19 of the 42 species that have some period of dormancy, with only 93 published references to field and/or laboratory studies. This review addresses critical issues in conservation and restoration of seagrasses involving seed dormancy (e.g. environmental vs physiological), existence and type of seed bank (transient or persistent), and factors influencing seed germination (e.g. salinity, temperature, light). Results of many earlier published studies relating seed germination to various environmental factors may need re-examination given more recent published data which show a confounding influence of oxygen level on the germination process. We highlight the importance of conducting ecologically meaningful germination studies, including germination experiments conducted in sediments. We also identify questions for future research that may figure prominently in landscape level questions regarding protected marine or estuarine reserves, habitat fragmentation, and restoration.

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“…For both Zostera species temperature, salinity, anoxic conditions and burial depth have been documented to significantly affect germination success (Abe, Kurashima & Maegawa, 2008; Conacher, Poiner & O’Donohue, 1994; Jarvis & Moore, 2015; Probert & Brenchley, 1999). In general greater germination (defined as higher maximum germination and shorter time to germination) for both species occurs at lower temperatures (5 °C–16 °C) and salinities <20 PSU and under anoxic conditions (Brenchley & Probert, 1998; Conacher et al, 1994; Moore, Orth & Nowak, 1993; Orth & Moore, 1983; Probert & Brenchley, 1999; Van Lent & Verschuure, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination in a southern Australian temperate seagrass

Cumming

Jarvis

Sherman

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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In a series of experiments, seeds from a temperate seagrass species, Zostera nigricaulis collected in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia were exposed to a range of salinities (20 PSU pulse/no pulse, 25 PSU, 30 PSU, 35 PSU), temperatures (13 °C, 17 °C, 22 °C), burial depths (0 cm, 1 cm, 2 cm) and site specific sediment characteristics (fine, medium, coarse) to quantify their impacts on germination rate and maximum overall germination. In southern Australia the seagrass Z. nigricaulis is a common subtidal species; however, little is known about the factors that affect seed germination which is a potential limiting factor in meadow resilience to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Overall seed germination was low (<20%) with germination decreasing to <10% when seeds were placed in the sediment. When germination of Z. nigricaulis seeds was observed, it was enhanced (greater overall germination and shorter time to germination) when seeds were exposed to a 20 PSU pulse for 24 h, maintained at salinity of 25 PSU, temperatures <13 °C, in sediments with fine or medium grain sand and buried at a depth of <1 cm. These results indicate that germination of Z. nigricaulis seeds under in situ conditions may be seasonally limited by temperatures in southern Australia. Seed germination may be further restricted by salinity as freshwater pulses reaching 20 PSU are typically only observed in Port Phillip Bay following large scale rainfall events. As a result, these populations may be particularly susceptible to disturbance with only a seasonally limited capacity for recovery.

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Morphology, flowering and seed production of Zostera capricorni Aschers. in subtropical Australia

Cited by 38 publications

References 11 publications

Morphological and physiological differences between two morphotypes of Zostera noltii Hornem. from the south-western Iberian Peninsula

Morphological and physiological differences between two morphotypes of Zostera noltii Hornem. from the south-western Iberian Peninsula

A review of issues in seagrass seed dormancy and germination:implications for conservation and restoration

Seed germination in a southern Australian temperate seagrass

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