Morphometric analysis of foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, and foramen rotundum of human skull using computed tomography scan: a cross-sectional study

Bhattarai, Rakshya; Panthi, Sagar; Bhandari, Siddhartha; Acharya, Rochana; Sharma, Ananta; Shah, Pratima; Koirala, Sarun; Bhattarai, Manoj; Gupta, Mukesh Kumar

doi:10.1097/ms9.0000000000000609

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…[1,3] is is one of the important foramina situated in the transition zone between intracranial and extracranial structures, opening into the infratemporal fossa and through its other opening on the lateral surface of the greater wing. [2,7] Several studies have measured the dimension of the foramen ovale, including reports with measurements in cadaver skulls and morphometric studies carried out with the assistance of simple skull computed tomography.…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphometric analysis of the foramen ovale in the Mexican population using computed tomography scan

Tirado-Ornelas,

Cazadero-Márquez,

Cruz-Argüelles

et al. 2024

Surgical Neurology International

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Background: The assessment of cranial foramina is an important part of the objective diagnostic and therapeutic study relevant to pathologies involving structures of the skull base. The study of the foramen ovale not only holds significance for anatomical development but also bears profound surgical importance, such as in trigeminal neuralgia, and diagnostic importance in tumors and various types of epilepsy. It becomes relevant in fine-needle aspiration techniques in perineural tumor procedures, for electroencephalographic analysis in seizures, and therapeutic procedures such as percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia. Methods: A cross-sectional study at the Department of Neurosurgery, Specialties Hospital, La Raza National Medical Center, Mexico City, involved 70 patients aged >18 years who underwent a single skull computed tomography scan between July 2023 and March 2024. Patients with sufficient scan quality and optimal visualization of skull base foramina were included in the study. Measurements of tomographic images were taken using Inobitec’s DICOM file viewer. Data analysis in Microsoft Excel yielded mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence interval (CI) for morphometric parameters of the foramen ovale. Results: Analysis of tomographies from 70 patients revealed a total of 140 foramen ovale, evenly split between 25 males (35.7%) and 45 females (64.3%). The measurements for the maximum anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, and surface area of all foramina were as follows: 6.61 ± 0.25 mm (95% CI), 3.97 ± 0.21 mm (95% CI), and 20.84 ± 1.58 mm2 (95% CI), respectively. Specific measurements for the right and left sides were obtained: for the right side, 6.59 ± 0.26 mm (95% CI) and 3.89 ± 0.21 mm (95% CI) for the maximum anteroposterior and transverse diameters, respectively, and 20.38 ± 1.62 mm2 (95% CI) for the surface area. For the left side, the measurements were 6.63 ± 0.24 mm (95% CI), 4.05 ± 0.21 mm (95% CI), and 21.31 ± 1.55 mm2 (95% CI) for the maximum anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, and surface area, respectively. The maximum and minimum dimensions for anteroposterior and transverse diameters were 10.67 mm, 4.41 mm, 7.09 mm and 2.36 mm, respectively, with a corresponding range for the surface area of 10.16 mm2–44.13 mm2. The average minimum distance between the foramen ovale and the foramen spinosum was 2.32 ± 0.24 mm (95% CI). In males, the average size of the foramen ovale was 23.66 ± 1.61, which was 22% larger than the average size in females (19.28 ± 1.45) (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: The foramen ovale is one of the main anatomical structures of the skull base, and besides that, it is complex and not directly accessible for clinical evaluation, useful information can be obtained through morphometric analysis. The present study provides specific anatomical data with morphological patterns to increase the understanding of the characteristics of the foramen ovale in the Mexican population. These are intended to be helpful in the pursuit of acknowledging the morphometrics and thus being able to plan neurosurgical procedures in the middle cranial fossa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric analysis of the foramen ovale in the Mexican population using computed tomography scan

Tirado-Ornelas,

Cazadero-Márquez,

Cruz-Argüelles

et al. 2024

Surgical Neurology International

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Morphometric Variation of Foramen Ovale in Dry Adult Skull of Indian Population With Clinical Correlations

AGARWAL,

YADAV

2024

Int J Curr Pharm Sci

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Objective: The present study aim is to evaluate morphology and morphometric measurements of foramen Ovale present in the Greater wing of Sphenoid bone of the Middle Cranial fossa of the Skull base, using Digital sliding Vernier caliper. The anatomical knowledge of Foramen Ovale and it’s variations are of great help to neurosurgeons, oncologists and radiologists while performing any diagnostic and surgical interventions into and nearby foramen to deal with unavoidable complications as Tic douloureux. Methods: This study was done in 35 dried Human skulls taken from the Department of Anatomy, GBCM, Dehradun, India. The length and the width of the Foramen Ovale were measured. The different shapes of the foramen were also seen. All data collected was subjected to Statistical analysis using Student’s T-test. Results: In the present study, Incidence of Oval shape foramen Ovale was maximum, followed by Elongated shape. There were no statistical differences between the mean length and mean width on the two sides of Foramen Ovale. Conclusion: The vast knowledge of different shapes and sizes of foramen Ovale to Neurosurgeons and Oncologists helps to operate with least invasive procedures to avoid clinical manifestations.

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A computed tomography-based retrospective study on the foramen ovale and foramen spinosum in a Nigerian population

Ominde,

Odjegba,

Ikubor

et al. 2024

MGM J Med Sci

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Background: This study investigated the shapes and dimensions of the foramen ovale (FO) and foramen spinosum (FS) in a specific population sample from Delta State, Nigeria, emphasizing their significance in various neurosurgical procedures. Materials and Methods: Following ethical clearance, this retrospective study analyzed 250 brain computed tomography (CT) images from the Radiology Department of a teaching hospital in Delta State, Nigeria. The sample included images from 100 females and 150 males, all aged 18 years or older. The dimensions of the FO and FS were measured on axial sections using a standardized protocol. Statistical analyses were conducted with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM, Chicago, Illinois, United States) software, categorizing data by gender and age groups. Inferential statistics, including Student t test, analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation, were performed, with findings considered significant at P < 0.05. Results: The predominant shapes of the FO and FS were oval and round, respectively. Significant side differences were observed in the length of the right FS (P = 0.040). Gender differences were noted in the length of the bilateral FO (P = 0.010) and the width of the left FO (P = 0.001). A significant correlation with age was found for the width of the left FO (P = 0.006) and the distance from the right FO to FS (P = 0.037). The FS was absent in 24 cases (9.6%). Conclusion: This study highlights age-, side-, and gender-related differences in the shapes and dimensions of the FO and FS. It emphasizes the importance of precise preoperative radiological assessments to ensure optimal outcomes for neurosurgical planning.

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Morphometric analysis of foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, and foramen rotundum of human skull using computed tomography scan: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Morphometric analysis of the foramen ovale in the Mexican population using computed tomography scan

Morphometric analysis of the foramen ovale in the Mexican population using computed tomography scan

Morphometric Variation of Foramen Ovale in Dry Adult Skull of Indian Population With Clinical Correlations

A computed tomography-based retrospective study on the foramen ovale and foramen spinosum in a Nigerian population

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