Morphometric Analysis of Kito and Awetu Sub Basins Jimma, Ethiopia

Abstract

Morphometric analysis is very important to evaluate watershed characteristics. Watershed characteristics are essential in watershed management, site selection for water resource projects, groundwater evaluation and proposing flood control measures. The present study aimed the morphometric analysis of Kito and Awetu sub-basins which drain into Kito and Awetu Rivers. Both rivers merge into a single river in Jimma town which is subjected to flood and sediment generated from both sub-basins. Topographic map of scale 1:50,000 was obtained from Ethiopian National Mapping Agency and satellite image of digital elevation model of fine resolution (12.5m x12.5m) was downloaded and used for morphometric analysis. GIS and remote sensing technique have been employed to generate and quantify morphometric parameters. Twenty-six parameters under linear aspects, areal aspects, and relief aspects were evaluated to characterize both Kito and Awetu sub-basins. Kito and Awetu Sub basins have both 5 th order stream and the 1 st order encompasses 78% and 77% of total stream number respectively which indicates the presence of flashy flood. The drainage area, basin perimeter, stream length and weighted mean bifurcation is 113.21km 2 , 82.65km, 270.33km, and 4.51 respectively for Kito sub-basin and 77.17km 2 , 73.58km, 192.45km, and 4.45 respectively for Awetu sub-basin. The values indicate that both sub-basins are characterized by mountainous, steep slope and mostly homogeneous geologic materials. The elongation ratio of Kito and Awetu sub-basins are 0.62 and 0.64 respectively. Kito and Awetu sub-basins are both elongated and the rivers have slow hydrograph for a long time. Relatively, Awetu sub-basin is more elongated than Kito sub-basin. The study reveals that both sub-basins are susceptible to surface runoff and soil erosion but the rivers are long and easy to manage flood occurrence.

Prioritizing sub-watersheds for soil and water conservation via morphometric analysis and the weighted sum approach: A case study of the Geba river basin in Tigray, Ethiopia

“…This study includes relief morphometric parameters such as basin Relief, Relief ratio, Ruggedness number, Molten ruggedness number, Channel gradient, Dissection index, and Hypsometric Integral. These parameters have the potential to describe a terrain's water flow direction ( Gudu Tufa, 2018 ), erosional potential ( Fenta et al., 2017 ), instability ( Rekha et al., 2011 ), and structural complexity ( Dubey et al., 2015 ). Table 7 shows the numerical distribution of these parameters.…”

Esmahanım Deresi Havzası’nın (Akçakoca-Düzce) Morfometrik Özellikleri ve Taşkınlara Etkisi

“…Rölyef oranında belirli bir ölçek yoktur. Rölyef oranı, erozyon duyarlılığı ile yüksek oranda ilişkili olup, yüksek değeri, havzanın toprak erozyonuna eğilimli olduğunu gösterir (Aravinda ve Balakrishna, 2013;Dubey vd., 2015;Tribhuvan ve Sonar, 2016;Tufa ve Feyissa, 2018). Rh değeri alt havzalar için 0.07-0.24 arasında değişmektedir.…”

Quantitative Geomorphological Parameters Analysis for the Aynalem- Illala Streams, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

“…The analysis result of the Infiltration number of Aynalem and Illala basins is 2.85 and 2.97 respectively (Table 4). According to Tufa and Feyissa (2018) the analysis result of the infiltration ratio made for kito and Awetu sub-basins is 9.26 and 10.89 respectively. As compared to the works of Tufa and Feyissa (2018), the infiltration number of the study site (Aynalem and Illala) is relative with a very small value which indicates relatively higher infiltration capacity and little runoff.…”