Morphophysiological responses of Octopus tehuelchus juveniles during the transition period between endogenous and exogenous feeding

Braga, Ramiro; Molen, Silvina Van Der; Rodriguez, Yamila Eliana; Fernández-Gimenez, Analía Verónica; Battini, Nicolás; Rosas, Carlos; Ortíz, Nicolás

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738269

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This mixotrophic nutrition allows the hatchling to cope with shortages of suitable prey, the transition to competent predation, and generally mitigates failure at first feeding (Vecchione, 1987;Boletzky, 2010). Consequently, the Hatchling stage is characterized by high mortality rates that have been well documented in laboratory studies (Vidal et al, 2002Iglesias et al, 2007;Braga et al, 2022).…”

Section: Stages In Cephalopod Life Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cephalopod ontogeny and life cycle patterns

Vidal¹,

Shea

2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Life cycle definitions provide the background for conceptualizing meaningful questions to address the mechanisms that generate different life cycle patterns. This review provides explicit definitions and explanations of the steps in a cephalopod life cycle, from fertilization to death. Each large step, or phase, is characterized by a particular developmental process and morphology. Each phase is composed of smaller developmentally distinct steps, or stages. The cephalopod life cycle is comprised of all or some of the following phases: Embryonic, Paralarval, Juvenile, Subadult, Adult and Senescent, and each life cycle is taxon-specific. All cephalopods have direct development and maintain a consistent body plan throughout ontogeny (i.e., no true larval phase and no metamorphosis). Most cephalopods have a life cycle marked by a long early life and a short adult life followed by senescence. Cephalopods have two developmental modes: they produce either small planktonic hatchlings as paralarvae, or large hatchlings as juveniles. All cephalopods go through a Hatchling stage soon after eclosion during which they rely on two modes of nutrition: endogenous (yolk) and exogenous (prey). Many cephalopods with planktonic paralarvae will become benthic early in their life cycle during their Settlement stage or remain pelagic during their Metapelagic stage. Juvenile growth is fast and ontogenetic changes (outside of gonadal maturation) generally cease at the end of the Juvenile phase. The Subadult phase begins when the definitive adult morphology (except for size and body proportions) is acquired (e.g., full complement of photophores). Sexual organs undergo most of their development during the Subadult phase. The Adult phase starts with spawning competency and concludes when gonads are spent. The Senescent phase begins with spent gonads and ends with death. Using this new terminology, we examine the patterns of cephalopod life cycles and find that there are four main patterns based on the presence of a Paralarval phase and the habitat occupied by each phase: Holopelagic (all phases are pelagic), Holobenthic (all phases are benthic), Merobenthic and Meropelagic (phases alternate between benthic and pelagic environments). In these two last patterns, the main difference is the presence of a Paralarval phase in Merobenthic species. The definitions and terminology proposed here provide a unifying framework for future ecological, evolutionary and life cycles research on cephalopods.

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Section: Stages In Cephalopod Life Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cephalopod ontogeny and life cycle patterns

Vidal¹,

Shea

2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Conversely, pike perch showed no difference in the digestibility of live prey with compound feed (Hamza et al, 2007), which may correlate with the digestive capacity of different species. Evidence suggests early feed transition can lead to significant deterioration of the intestinal morphology (including villus height and number) causing reduced nutrition absorption and poor physiological performance (Li et al, 2017;Shaw et al, 2012;Braga et al, 2022). As a component of intestinal mucosal layer, intestinal villus plays an important role in the efficient function and absorption of the intestine (Jha and Berrocoso, 2015;Zhu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feed transition on digestive tract digestive enzyme, morphology and intestinal community in cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis)

Jiang

Xiao

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Sepia pharaonis is an excellent candidate for aquaculture in China. However, the low survival rate during early feed transition is a bottleneck restricting industrial development. Understanding the changes in digestive physiology and intestinal microflora during feed transition should enable us to meet their nutritional needs to improve production. In this study, we investigate the digestive enzyme of S. pharaonis and undertake histological observations of the digestive gland and intestine. The intestinal microflora 16S rRNA genes were also analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of the pre, mid, and post-feed transition stages (20, 40, and 60 days post-hatching (DPH), respectively). The digestive enzymes from the digestive gland (trypsin and chymotrypsin) rapidly decrease at 40 DPH when compared to their levels at 20 DPH, but mostly recovered by 60 DPH. The alkaline phosphatase and lipase increased sharply by 40 DPH, then peaked at 60 DPH. The intestinal digestive enzymes followed similar trends during feed transition, except for lipase activity, which decreased after 20 DPH and remained low, even at 60 DPH. Feed transition affects the morphogenesis of the digestive tract and feed transition stress leads to the impairment of the digestive gland and intestinal morphology, which reduces the digestive capacity, but almost totally recovers by 60 DPH. Moreover, the comparison of the intestinal microbial composition during feed transition revealed that the dominant phylum Bacteroidetes gradually increased to a peak at 40 DPH and then decreased until 60 DPH. The microbial composition changed with the most abundant genus Pseudomonas being replaced by Acinetobacter. The phylum and family level investigation suggested the microbiota in the rearing water had limited influence on the intestinal microbiota. The intestinal microbiota diversity increased during feed transition. This study improves our understanding of changes and adaptations in cuttlefish during feed transition.

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