Mortality is increased by procalcitonin and decreased by an antiserum reactive to procalcitonin in experimental sepsis

Nylen, Eric; Whang, Kevin T.; Snider, Richard H.; Steinwald, Paul M.; White, Jon; Becker, Kenneth L.

doi:10.1097/00003246-199806000-00015

Cited by 308 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

176

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This result was consistent with the experimental data: the procalcitonin time course is thought to be closely dependent on bacterial load and the host response to microbial challenge. 36 Procalcitonin kinetics may offer a solution for the dilemma regarding positive sputum cultures (interpretation of colonization or infection) and guide in determining the appropriate duration of antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procalcitonin Kinetics and Nosocomial Pneumonia in Older Patients

Shi

Xu²,

Rui

et al. 2013

Respir Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Early identification of treatment failure for nosocomial pneumonia remains a major challenge. The goal of this study was to test whether procalcitonin kinetics can be used to assess the clinical efficacy in older critically ill patients with nosocomial pneumonia. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted with 60 subjects (> 65 y old) admitted to the ICU with severe nosocomial pneumonia. Serum procalcitonin was measured on days 0, 3, and 7 and at the end of treatment. The procalcitonin time course was analyzed according to the therapeutic efficacy. RESULTS: Procalcitonin levels were elevated in all subjects (n ‫؍‬ 60) on day 0, and the median level (range) was 2.5 (0.85-42.7) g/L. There were no differences in procalcitonin between the improved subjects (n ‫؍‬ 41) and those without improvement (n ‫؍‬ 19) on day 0 (P > .05). However, lower procalcitonin levels on days 3 and 7 and at the end of treatment (all P < .05) and greater rates of procalcitonin decline between days 0 and 3 (⌬PCT d3 %; 29.5 ؎ 10.8% vs 15.1 ؎ 5.9%, P ‫؍‬ .009) were observed in the improved subjects compared with those with no improvement. ⌬PCT d3 % was the best single predictor of efficacy (area under the curve of 0.79, P < .001) and had a sensitivity of 75.7% and a specificity of 72.0% with a threshold of 26.2%. By comparison, traditional parameters and absolute procalcitonin failed to predict treatment response (P > .05). Indeed, the combination of ⌬PCT d3 % > 26.2% and a modified Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score of < 6 points improved the predictive value (area under the curve of 0.89, sensitivity of 81.3%, specificity of 86.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Procalcitonin levels were not influenced by aging, and procalcitonin kinetics might help to identify treatment failure. ⌬PCT d3 % in combination with the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score has been shown to be a marker of clinical efficacy at an earlier stage.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procalcitonin Kinetics and Nosocomial Pneumonia in Older Patients

Shi

Xu²,

Rui

et al. 2013

Respir Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…| IL-1b serum concentration over a 72-hour-period of one horse with an acute colic (Nylen et al 1998, Wagner et al 2002, Martinez et al 2001 (Gogos et al 2000). Beim Menschen bilden IL-1b, IL-6 und TNFa auch den Stimulus für eine Hyperprocalcitoninämie (Redl et al 2000, Redl et al 2001, Whang et al 2000.…”

Section: Abb3unclassified

Procalcitonin in horses with an acute colic

Teschner¹,

Rieger²,

Koopmann³

et al. 2015

PHK

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zusammenfassung: Procalcitonin (PCT) wird in der Humanmedizin als sensitiver Marker für das Vorliegen einer Endotoxämie und bakteriellen Infektion genutzt. In dieser Studie wurde PCT bei endotoxämischen Pferden, bedingt durch eine akute Kolik, bestimmt und mit den proinflammatorischen Zytokinen IL-1b, IL-6 und TNFa verglichen. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war zu beleuchten, ob sich die PCT-Plasmakonzentration bei einer akuten Kolik im Vergleich zum gesunden Pferd erhöht, im Verlauf einer Kolik verändert und ob sie sinnvoll zur Prognosestellung herangezogen werden kann. Schlüsselwörter: Pferd / Kolik / Endotoxämie / Procalcitonin / Zytokine Procalcitonin in horses with an acute colicIn comparison to other animal species the horse is very sensitive to the systemic consequences of endotoxemia leading to a high morbidity and mortality of gastrointestinal (e.g. colic or colitis) disease. Procalcitonin (PCT) is used in human medicine as a sensitive marker for the presence of a bacterial infection and endotoxemia. In this study, PCT was determined in endotoxemic horses with an acute colic and compared to the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b, IL-6 and TNFa. The aim of this study was to examine whether the PCT plasma concentrations increases in horses with an acute colic compared to healthy horses, changes during the next days after referral to the hospital and whether it can be used to predict survival. 13 horses with an acute colic were classified as endotoxemic based on the results of the clinical and laboratory examination upon admission to the hospital, using a modified score and compared with 20 healthy control horses. For the determination of PCT, IL-1b, IL-6 and TNFa blood was collected from all horses at the time of admission at the equine hospital. Blood samples were quantified at the Helmholtz Zentrum München using an ELISA. A strangulating ileus was diagnosed in 11 horses, an obstructing ileus and enteritis in each case a horse. Endotoxemic horses with an intestinal strangulation showed significantly higher concentrations of median PCT and IL-1b in plasma or serum than the healthy control group. Horses that underwent laparotomy also had significantly higher PCT and IL1-b-plasma or serum concentrations than healthy controls. A follow up measurement of IL-1b and PCT over a 72-hour-period at 7 horses showed no significant changes in the levels. Significantly low median IL-6 serum levels could be measured in the patients when compared to healthy horses. The median serum concentrations of TNFa showed no significant differences between endotoxaemic and healthy horses. A correlation between PCT and IL-1b and survival of patients could not be established. PCT seems to be a promising biomarker for the detection of endotoxemia for the equine medicine but further research is needed.

show abstract

“…It has also been reported that injection of proCT augments the mortality of hamsters suffering from sepsis (Nylen et al 1998). It would be of great interest to examine whether pro-sCTs have similar effects in rainbow trout, even though the amino acid homology between fish and mammalian proCTs is less than that between their CTs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and tissue distribution of mRNAs encoding salmon-type calcitonins-IV and -V in the rainbow trout

Hidaka

Suzuki

2004

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Four types of calcitonin are produced in salmonid fish, although their functional diversity is almost unknown. To explore the significance of these isoforms, we have characterized salmon-type calcitonin (sCT) mRNAs in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and examined their tissue distribution. In addition to the previously isolated sCT-I cDNAs, two new forms of sCT cDNA were cloned from the ultimobranchial gland, and one of them (sCT-IV cDNA) was predicted to encode an N-terminal peptide of 80 amino acid residues, a putative cleavage site Lys-Arg, sCT-IV, a cleavage and amidation sequence Gly-Lys-Lys-Arg, and a C-terminal peptide of 18 amino acids. The sCT-IV precursor was 78% identical with the rainbow trout sCT-I precursors. The other cloned cDNA encoded a precursor for a novel CT, sCT-V. The sCT-V peptide was different from sCT-IV by only one amino acid residue: Val at position 8 in the latter was replaced by Met. The sCT-V precursor had 80 and 90% identity with the sCT-I and -IV precursors respectively. No cDNA clones were obtained for sCTs-II or -III.Tissue distribution of sCT-I, -IV and -V mRNAs was examined by RT-PCR and specific cleavage with restriction enzymes. An amplified fragment from sCT-I mRNA was detected not only in the ultimobranchial gland, but also in the gills, testis and ovary. RT-PCR analysis coupled to restriction digestion further revealed that sCT-IV mRNA was expressed in both the testis and the ultimobranchial gland. The expression sites of sCT-IV mRNA were localized to the Leydig cells of the testis and to the parenchymal cells of the ultimobranchial gland, by in situ hybridization histochemistry. Although the amino acid sequence of sCT-V peptide was nearly the same as that of sCT-IV, the sCT-V gene showed a much wider pattern of expression: the band amplified by RT-PCR was detected in all the tissues examined except the kidney, gills and blood cells. The sCT-V mRNA was shown to be localized in the parenchymal cells of the ultimobranchial gland, but not in other tissues at the cellular level, suggesting very low expression of sCT-V mRNA in those tissues. Our results show different patterns of tissue expression of three types of sCT genes in the rainbow trout, suggesting that sCTs-I, -IV and -V might differ in their local actions.

show abstract

Mortality is increased by procalcitonin and decreased by an antiserum reactive to procalcitonin in experimental sepsis

Cited by 308 publications

References 18 publications

Procalcitonin Kinetics and Nosocomial Pneumonia in Older Patients

Procalcitonin Kinetics and Nosocomial Pneumonia in Older Patients

Procalcitonin in horses with an acute colic

Identification and tissue distribution of mRNAs encoding salmon-type calcitonins-IV and -V in the rainbow trout

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About