Mortality risk among new onset injection drug users

Vlahov, David; Wang, Cun Iin; Galai, Noya; Bareta, Joseph; Mehta, Shruti H.; Strathdee, Steffanie A.; Nelson, Kenrad E.

doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00780.x

Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Still, the underlying cause in the majority of deaths was HIV infection and AIDS. That is, HIV/ AIDS is confirmed as cause of death in a young segment of the Brazilian population, although external causes cannot be overlooked 10,24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a similarity between the AIDS incidence estimate and the HIV infection rates of 1 to 3 cases per 100 person-years found currently in the United States 9 . In addition, comparing the mortality estimates with contemporary international studies, one notes some similarity in the rates, varying from 2.8 to 3.3 per 100 person-years, despite the methodological differences between the studies 10,11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the causes related to HIV disease currently constitute the principal cause of death in this population, there are other major causes of death, especially those related to overdose, pneumonia, and bacterial endocarditis, in addition to external causes such as suicide and homicide 10,11,12,13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AIDS incidence and mortality in injecting drug users: the AjUDE-Brasil II Project

2006

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AIDS incidence and mortality in injecting drug users: the AjUDE-Brasil II Project

2006

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“…[1][2][3][4] Excess risk of mortality among drug users has been attributed to HIV infection, drug overdosing, and violence. [5][6][7] Fluctuations over time in the relative influence of different causes of death have also been noted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Mortality Among Puerto Rican Injection Drug Users in East Harlem, New York, and Bayamon, Puerto Rico

Colón¹,

Deren

Robles³

et al. 2006

J Urban Health

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“…Overdose is a leading cause of death among illicit drug users (Gossop et al, 2002;Hser et al, 2001;Oppenheimer et al, 1994;Perucci et al, 1991;van Ameijden et al, 1999;Vlahov et al, 2004). Baltimore City has one of the highest overdose mortality rates in the U.S., estimated at 56.4 per 100,000 in 2002 (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-fatal overdose and subsequent drug treatment among injection drug users

Pollini

McCall

Mehta

et al. 2006

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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112

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Overdose is a leading cause of death among illicit drug users. 924 injection drug users (IDUs) in Baltimore, Maryland, were interviewed to characterize overdose events and determine the circumstances under which they lead to drug treatment. Overall, 366 (39.7%) reported at least one non-fatal drug overdose. Most (96.2%) used heroin on the day of their last overdose and almost half (42.6%) used heroin and alcohol but few (4.1%) used tranquilizers or benzodiazepines. Five percent were in drug treatment when the overdose occurred and 7.1% had been incarcerated two weeks prior. One in four IDUs (26.2%) sought drug treatment within 30 days after their last overdose of whom 75% enrolled. Speaking with someone about drug treatment after the overdose was associated with treatment seeking (AOR 5.22; 95% CI: 3.12, 8.71). Family members were the most commonly cited source of treatment information (53.7%) but only those who spoke with spouses, crisis counselors and hospital staff were more likely to seek treatment. Not being ready for treatment (69.6%) and not viewing drug use as a problem (30.7%) were the most common reasons for not seeking treatment and being placed on a waiting list was the most common reason for not subsequently enrolling in treatment (66.7%). Of the IDUs treated by emergency medical technicians, emergency room staff, or hospital staff, only 17.3%, 26.2% and 43.2% reported getting drug treatment information from those sources, respectively. Interventions that provide drug treatment information and enhance motivation for treatment in the medical setting and policies that reduce barriers to treatment entry among motivated drug users are recommended.

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Mortality risk among new onset injection drug users

Abstract: These data demonstrate excess mortality among new-onset IDUs compared with demographically similar peers in the general population, indicating the need for interventions to prevent premature death among young IDUs.

Cited by 61 publications

References 29 publications

AIDS incidence and mortality in injecting drug users: the AjUDE-Brasil II Project

AIDS incidence and mortality in injecting drug users: the AjUDE-Brasil II Project

A Comparative Study of Mortality Among Puerto Rican Injection Drug Users in East Harlem, New York, and Bayamon, Puerto Rico

Non-fatal overdose and subsequent drug treatment among injection drug users

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