Mössbauer study of the ferrite decomposition in unaged duplex stainless steels

Lemoine, C.; Fnidiki, A.; Teillet, J.; M, Hedin; Danoix, F.

doi:10.1016/s1359-6462(98)00133-x

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…MS [11][12][13][14] was one of the first experimental techniques applied to characterize the microstructural origin of the 748 K (475°C) embrittlement phenomenon. MS probes the magnetic neighborhood of the 57 Fe isotope and it is very sensitive to small changes in the local environment.…”

Section: Experimental Methods For Characterization Of Phase Separmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of the paramagnetic peak can even be done for duplex steels, though it is difficult to separate the paramagnetic peaks of a¢ and austenite. [13,14] It should be noted that the length-scale cannot be determined by MS. On the other hand, the high sensitivity of MS means that it can be used to investigate atomic short-range order, such as clustering above the miscibility gap. [36] The application of TEM, [4,5,[15][16][17] neutron diffraction (ND), [37,38] and SANS [23][24][25] to phase separation in Fe-Cr alloys is also well established.…”

Section: Experimental Methods For Characterization Of Phase Separmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] Due to the high technical relevance and its suitability as a model material for phase separation studies, binary Fe-Cr alloys have been extensively investigated. Theoretical tools such as phase-field modeling [4][5][6] and kinetic Monte Carlo [7][8][9][10] are frequently adopted to simulate the nanostructure evolution, and experimental tools such as Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy (MS), [11][12][13][14] transmission electron microscopy (TEM), [4,5,[15][16][17] small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] atom probe field ion microscopy (APFIM), [7][8][9]26,27] and later atom probe tomography (APT) [10,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34] have been applied. Most of the studies in the literature focus on the rather late stages of phase decomposition, when the embrittlement is already severe, and today it is still considered a major challenge to quantitatively characterize the nanostructure in technically relevant cases, when the length-scale is in the order of a few atomic distances and the concentration variations between a and a¢ are only a few atomic percent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Characterization of Phase Separation in Fe-Cr: A Current Comparison of Experimental Methods

Odqvist

Colliander

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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Self-assembly due to phase separation within a miscibility gap is important in numerous material systems and applications. A system of particular interest is the binary alloy system Fe-Cr, since it is both a suitable model material and the base system for the stainless steel alloy category, suffering from low-temperature embrittlement due to phase separation. Structural characterization of the minute nano-scale concentration fluctuations during early phase separation has for a long time been considered a major challenge within material characterization. However, recent developments present new opportunities in this field. Here, we present an overview of the current capabilities and limitations of different techniques. A set of Fe-Cr alloys were investigated using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), atom probe tomography, and analytical transmission electron microscopy. The complementarity of the characterization techniques is clear, and combinatorial studies can provide complete quantitative structure information during phase separation in Fe-Cr alloys. Furthermore, we argue that SANS provides a unique in-situ access to the nanostructure, and that direct comparisons between SANS and phase-field modeling, solving the non-linear Cahn Hilliard equation with proper physical input, should be pursued.

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Section: Experimental Methods For Characterization Of Phase Separmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Methods For Characterization Of Phase Separmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Characterization of Phase Separation in Fe-Cr: A Current Comparison of Experimental Methods

Odqvist

Colliander

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…• C may be important for the phase separation in the ferrite containing stainless steels [41,42]. Recently, it has been shown that there is clustering of chromium atoms in the ferritic phase of ferritic and duplex corrosion resistant steels already after solution treatment and water quenching [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic analysis of the stainless steel weld metal after long-term thermal exposition in the primary circuit of the nuclear power plant

Grgac¹,

Čaplovič²,

Dománková³

et al. 2021

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In the paper, results of microscopic analyses of the weld metal taken from weld joint of the thick-walled austenitic stainless steel pipeline of the primary circuit of the nuclear power plant WWER-440 are presented. The weld joint has been exposed in the main circulation pipeline approximately 180,000 h at temperatures approaching 300• C. A sample taken from a top part of the multi-pass weld joint has been analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The analyzed weld metal exhibited a duplex microstructure consisting of the austenite phase and a semi-continual network of δ-ferrite phase. The mean hardness of the weld metal was 195 HV1. In the weld metal, globular non-metallic inclusions, as well as carbonitride particles of the MX type and chromium based carbide particles of M23C6 type, were identified. At the phase interfaces of δ-ferrite/austenite, the presence of particles of σ-phase placed in the volumes of δ-ferrite network was detected. The presence of σ-phase and M23C6 carbide particles in the top part of the weld can be explained as a consequence of the short-term expositions of the weld metal in the temperature range from about 900 to 600• C during the multi-pass welding process of the primary circuit of the nuclear power plant. High--resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis of the ferrite phase regions revealed in thin foils the presence of mottled contrast indicating the spinodal decomposition of the δ-ferrite to Cr-rich α -and Fe-rich α-phases. It is supposed that the decomposition of the δ-ferrite phase started during final stages of the multi-pass welding process at thermal expositions around 475• C and continued during long-term exposition at the operation temperatures of the primary circuit.K e y w o r d s : stainless steel, weld metal, low-temperature thermal aging, σ-phase, carbide phase, α -phase

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“…Both a-Fe standard and SDSS samples were measured at room temperature. Generally, a steel sample can be prepared as a foil for transmission ME spectroscopy [5] or as a solid piece for Conversion Electron ME spectroscopy [15]. As both forms were unsuitable or unavailable to this study, we opted for using the filings of the same solid used in the above XRD measurements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the magnetic anisotropy of superduplex stainless steel

ElMassalami

Palatnik-de-Sousa

Areiza

et al. 2011

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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a b s t r a c tThe austenite-ferrite superduplex stainless steel (SDSS) is essentially an Fe-Cr-Ni alloy to which additional elements (e.g. Mo, Mn, Si, Cu, C, P, S) were added so as to confer additional advantageous characteristics such as higher mechanical strength and resistance to corrosion. Many of its applications require the process of rolling which, due to the two-phase character, induces a marked texturing, elongation of grains, and directional ordering in each of the constituent phases. This, in turn, imprints a strong anisotropic features in the mechanical, magnetic, and other properties. Using various experimental techniques, such as magnetization and ac susceptibility, this work investigated the induced magnetic anisotropy. An easy axis (parallel to the rolling direction) anisotropy was observed. The nature of the magnetic anisotropy, manifested during low and high applied magnetic fields, will be discussed in terms of the combined influences of two main anisotropies, namely shape anisotropy (arising from demagnetizing forces) and texture anisotropy (arising from the induced preferred orientation).

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Mössbauer study of the ferrite decomposition in unaged duplex stainless steels

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Structural Characterization of Phase Separation in Fe-Cr: A Current Comparison of Experimental Methods

Structural Characterization of Phase Separation in Fe-Cr: A Current Comparison of Experimental Methods

Microscopic analysis of the stainless steel weld metal after long-term thermal exposition in the primary circuit of the nuclear power plant

On the magnetic anisotropy of superduplex stainless steel

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