Most recent developments in electrospun magnetic nanofibers: A review

Abstract

One-dimensional materials, such as nanowires, nanotubes, or nanofibers, have attracted more and more attention recently due to their unique physical properties. Their large length-to-diameter ratio creates anisotropic material properties which could not be reached in bulk material. Especially one-dimensional magnetic structures are of high interest since the strong shape anisotropy reveals new magnetization reversal modes and possible applications. One possibility to create magnetic nanofibers in a relatively simple way is offered by electrospinning them from polymer solutions or melts with incorporated magnetic nanoparticles. This review gives an overview of most recent methods of electrospinning magnetic nanofibers, measuring their properties as well as possible applications from basic research to single-cell manipulation to microwave absorption.

Magnetic Properties of Electrospun Magnetic Nanofiber Mats after Stabilization and Carbonization

“…These can be used in diverse applications such as filters [7][8][9], biotechnology and tissue engineering [10][11][12], for energy harvesting and storage [13,14], or other "smart" functions [15]. Recently, a strong focus of diverse research groups has been related to electrospinning magnetic nanofibers, either as composites [16][17][18] or, after calcination of the composites to remove polymers, as pure metal nanofibers [19][20][21]. Such magnetic nanofiber mats can be used, e.g., as catalysts [22], for magnetic hyperthermia [23], or electromagnetic shielding [24].…”

Magnetic-Electrospinning Synthesis of γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticle–Embedded Flexible Nanofibrous Films for Electromagnetic Shielding

“…Therefore, preparing a practical, flexible, lightweight, and efficient EMI-shielding material is a huge challenge that has attracted the interest of many researchers at home and abroad [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In addition to the progress in this area, the development of a new family of flexible electromagnetic shielding materials based on nanofibrous films is also of great interest [13,14,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. For example, Ji et al reported on a highly flexible porous electrospinning crosslinked polyacrylonitrile nanofiber decorated with metal (Ag, Cu, Ni) nanoparticles that exhibited an excellent EMI-shielding performance [13].…”

“…Erdem et al analyzed the EMI-shielding effectiveness and mechanical properties of sputter-coated electrospinning nanofibers [14]. Blachowicz reviewed recent developments in electrospinning magnetic nanofibers and application, specifically discussing EMI-shielding [29]. Generally, these flexible electromagnetic shielding materials could be prepared by directly combining polymeric precursors with magnetic nanofillers.…”

On the reliability of highly magnified micrographs for structural analysis in materials science

“…In this study, we explore this problem using the example of electrospun nanofibers-a field of research that has received considerable attention in materials science in recent years [10][11][12][13] . In nanofiber research, morphological analysis using sometimes even single micrographs has now become widely accepted [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] .…”