Motivation for Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation Questionnaire (MOT-Q): Reliability, Factor Analysis, and Relationship to MMPI-2 Variables

Abstract

A Likert scale questionnaire was developed to assess motivation for postacute rehabilitation by traumatic brain injury patients. Items were designed to reflect head-injured individuals' statements about their attitudes toward head injury rehabilitation. Factors such as denial of illness, anger, compliance with treatment, and medical information seeking behavior were used to assess unfavorable and favorable components of motivation. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha, which was found to be 0.91 for the total scale. Four factor analysis derived subscales were identified: Lack of Denial, Interest in Rehabilitation, Lack of Anger, and Reliance on Professional Help. Correlation and multiple regression analyses demonstrated moderate relationships between MOT-Q and several MMPI-2 variables largely related to indicators of somatic distress, depression and capacity for self-sufficiency. Lack of Denial subscale showed the strongest relationship to MMPI-2 of all MOT-Q variables, while Interest in Rehabilitation showed the best correlation to the MOT-Q total.

An exploratory study of mental representations for rehabilitation based upon the Theory of Planned Behaviour

“…Thus, it was originally validated against the MMPI, which is a measure of psychopathology (Caldwell, 1988). Chervinsky et al (1998) administered it to 174 patients with TBI who were a mean of 6 months post-injury. The total possible score on the MOT-Q is 62 and the mean total score on Chervinsky et al's population was 17.4 (SD ¼ 20.6).…”

“…Finally, as previous studies have highlighted the importance of adjustment factors, the MOT-Q (Chervinsky et al, 1998) will be added to the model in order to explore whether such factors add any predictive value.…”

“…The term "motivation" has thus been used quite loosely and studies have explored insight and awareness (Fleming & Strong, 1995;Herbert & Powell, 1989;Prigatano & Schacter, 1991), personal coping styles (Malia, Powell, & Torode, 1995;Martelli, Zasler, & MacMillan, 1998;Moore, Stambrook, & Peters, 1989), and severity of injury (Chestnut et al, 1999). In fact, in keeping with the notion that motivation is a function of some of these factors, Chervinsky et al (1998) developed the Motivation for Brain Injury Questionnaire (MOT-Q) as a measure of desire and interest in undertaking rehabilitation. Very few studies, however, have focused on the mental representations relating specifically to brain injury, recovery and rehabilitation.…”

Brain injury beliefs, self-awareness, and coping: A preliminary cluster analytic study based within the self-regulatory model

“…Finally, and most importantly, future studies might investigate the impact of belief schemata on motivation and engagement in rehabilitation, perhaps employing measures similar to those in studies by Schönberger et al (2006a), Bains et al (2007), or Chervinsky et al (1998). The impact on psychosocial outcome should also be explored in line with longitudinal studies in other health conditions that have demonstrated the influence of illness beliefs on a range of functional outcomes (e.g., Groarke, Curtis, Coughlan, & Gsel, 2005;Searle, Norman, Thompson, & Vedhara, 2007).…”

Neuropsychological Assessment of Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

“…Motivational problems such as denial, irritability, apathy, and unawareness (Chervinsky et al, 1998) are often linked to reduced responsiveness to reward or to a difficulty producing goal-directed behaviors. Self-awareness has been correlated with severity of injury based on the GCS upon admission (Prigatano et al, 1998).…”