Motivations for weight loss in adolescents with overweight and obesity: a systematic review

Silva, David Franciole Oliveira; Sena-Evangelista, Karine Cavalcanti Maurício; Lyra, Clélia de Oliveira; Pedrosa, Lúcia Fátima Campos; Arrais, Ricardo Fernando; Lima, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha

doi:10.1186/s12887-018-1333-2

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As the large majority of the adolescents living in Amsterdam do not have overweight or obesity [5–7], it is plausible that normal weight is the norm among adolescents. Other studies have confirmed this by showing that overweight negatively influences social status and that pupils with overweight received fewer friendship nominations and were more disliked and more often excluded by their peers [55–57]. Such social damage can make adolescents with overweight more vulnerable to being victimized due to a lack of friends to defend them, lower self-esteem, and a lower social status among their peers [58, 59].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Associations between overweight and mental health problems among adolescents, and the mediating role of victimization

et al. 2019

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Background Evidence has not been conclusive on whether adolescent overweight is associated with mental health, possibly caused by indirect, yet untested associations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between overweight or obesity and mental health problems among adolescents, and to determine whether victimization plays a mediating role in these associations. Methods Self-reported data on mental health and victimization and objectively measured Body Mass Index data were used, using three cohorts (2010–2011 until 2012–2013) and an interval between the measurement waves of two years later. We performed a multi-level mediation analysis with a two-level structure to incorporate the clustering of the measurements within individuals. The study population consisted of 13,740 secondary school students, 13–14 years old at the first measurement moment, in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Results Compared to their normal-weight peers, adolescents with overweight or obesity reported psychosocial problems and suicidal thoughts more often. Victimization was a significant mediator in the relationship between having overweight, and psychosocial problems (indirect effect OR: 2.3; 95% CI 1.5, 3.7 and direct effect OR: 1.4; 95% CI 1.2, 1.7) or suicidal thoughts (indirect effect OR: 2.1; 95% CI 1.4, 3.2 and direct effect OR: 1.3; 95% CI 1.1, 1.5). The associations between obesity, and psychosocial problems (indirect OR: 6.2; 95% CI 2.8, 14.7 and direct effect OR: 1.4; 95% CI 1.0, 2.0), or suicidal thoughts (indirect OR: 4.5; 95% CI 2.3, 9.1 and direct effect OR: 1.5; 95% CI 1.1, 2.0) were even stronger. Conclusions Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with mental health problems in adolescents, and victimization played a mediating role in this association. Victimization and mental health should be integrated into prevention programs that address healthy weight development. Moreover, overweight should be given more attention in programs to prevent victimization and promote adolescent mental health. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6832-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Associations between overweight and mental health problems among adolescents, and the mediating role of victimization

et al. 2019

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“…On the other hand, the explanation that we found for the greater significance of the group with BMIs above the P50 relates to the motivation of obese adolescents to live healthier lives. In fact, Silva et al [ 35 ] showed in their research that among the multiple motivational factors that an obese adolescent may have to lose weight, the desire for better health was especially important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

eHealth Intervention to Improve Health Habits in the Adolescent Population: Mixed Methods Study

Benavides¹,

Benítez-Andrades²,

Marqués‐Sánchez³

et al. 2021

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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Background Technology has provided a new way of life for the adolescent population. Indeed, strategies aimed at improving health-related behaviors through digital platforms can offer promising results. However, since it has been shown that peers are capable of modifying behaviors related to food and physical exercise, it is important to study whether digital interventions based on peer influence are capable of improving the weight status of adolescents. Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an eHealth app in an adolescent population in terms of improvements in their age- and sex-adjusted BMI percentiles. Other goals of the study were to examine the social relationships of adolescents pre- and postintervention, and to identify the group leaders and study their profiles, eating and physical activity habits, and use of the web app. Methods The BMI percentiles were calculated in accordance with the reference guidelines of the World Health Organization. Participants’ diets and levels of physical activity were assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) questionnaire and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A), respectively. The variables related to social networks were analyzed using the social network analysis (SNA) methodology. In this respect, peer relationships that were considered reciprocal friendships were used to compute the “degree” measure, which was used as an indicative parameter of centrality. Results The sample population comprised 210 individuals in the intervention group (IG) and 91 individuals in the control group (CG). A participation rate of 60.1% (301/501) was obtained. After checking for homogeneity between the IG and the CG, it was found that adolescents in the IG at BMI percentiles both below and above the 50th percentile (P50) modified their BMI to approach this reference value (with a significance of P<.001 among individuals with an initial BMI below the P50 and P=.04 for those with an initial BMI above the P50). The diet was also improved in the IG compared with the CG (P<.001). After verifying that the social network had increased postintervention, it was seen that the group leaders (according to the degree SNA measure) were also leaders in physical activity performed (P=.002) and use of the app. Conclusions The eHealth app was able to modify behaviors related to P50 compliance and exert a positive influence in relation to diet and physical exercise. Digital interventions in the adolescent population, based on the improvement in behaviors related to healthy habits and optimizing the social network, can offer promising results that help in the fight against obesity.

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“…Cybervictimization has been associated with body dissatisfaction and overweight preoccupation [26,46]. Meta-analyses have indicated that avoidance of provocation or bullying is among the main motivators for weight loss [47], and that people with eating disorders were more likely to have been teased about their appearance or bullied prior to the onset of their eating disorder [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Victimization in Overweight Adolescents and Its Effect on Their Self-Esteem and Peer Difficulties

Álvarez-García

Núñez

Fuentes

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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This study has three objectives: to examine whether adolescents who perceive themselves as overweight differ from others in terms of offline victimization at school, cybervictimization, self-esteem, and difficulties relating to peers; to examine the possible effects of offline and cybervictimization on self-esteem and difficulties relating to peers; and to examine the possible moderating role of perceiving oneself as overweight on those effects. Previously validated questionnaires were applied to a sample of 3145 adolescents in Asturias (Spain). Descriptive, inferential, correlational, and structural equation analyses were performed. Adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight reported being victims of both offline victimization and most forms of cybervictimization to a greater extent than those who did not perceive themselves as overweight. They also reported lower self-esteem and more peer difficulties (shyness or social anxiety). In both groups of adolescents, victimization and cybervictimization were correlated with each other, both types of victimization had direct, negative effects on self-esteem, and self-esteem in turn had a direct, negative effect on peer difficulties. Furthermore, offline victimization had a direct, positive effect on peer difficulties. Perceiving oneself as overweight moderated the effect of self-esteem on peer difficulties. In adolescents perceiving themselves as overweight, low self-esteem was a stronger risk factor of peer difficulties than in the rest of the adolescents. With high overall self-esteem there were no significant differences in peer difficulties between the adolescents perceiving themselves as overweight and the rest of the adolescents.

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Motivations for weight loss in adolescents with overweight and obesity: a systematic review

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Associations between overweight and mental health problems among adolescents, and the mediating role of victimization

Associations between overweight and mental health problems among adolescents, and the mediating role of victimization

eHealth Intervention to Improve Health Habits in the Adolescent Population: Mixed Methods Study

Peer Victimization in Overweight Adolescents and Its Effect on Their Self-Esteem and Peer Difficulties

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