Motorcycle Accidents in Punjab: A Critical Analysis

Abstract

Objective: To determine existing occurrences of motorcycle accidents, to identify the causes of accidents and to suggest measures to prevent these accidents from minimizing the undue loss of life and property.
 Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Emergency Departments of CMH Rawalpindi, CMH Lahore and CMH Kharian, from Aug 2018 to Jul 2019.
 Methodology: A total of 384 individuals, who underwent motorcycle accidents and reported to the Emergency Department, were included in the study. A pretested questionnaire was used for all the relevant information on demographic, social, motorcycle, and accident-related parameters.
 Results: The mean age of accident victims was 34.4 ± 10.92 years. Motorcyclists having 6-10 years of driving experience, riding daily between 11-20 km, were most commonly involved in accidents. 67.9% drivers had a motorcycle driving license, while most of them (65.8 %) were not wearing a helmet at the time of the accident. Wet road was the most common cause of accidents (35.6%). Collisions mainly occurred with another car (31.7%). The head (26.8%) was the most common injury site, followed by the back/abdomen (24.2%).
 Conclusion: Road traffic accidents place a significant economic burden, especially in a developing country like ours. Observance of safety precautions, strict adherence to traffic rules and regulations, and the Pakistan Highway Code knowledge are mandatory to avoid any possible accident. A national effort is required for the prevention of accidents to conserve human life and the financial resources of the country.

Impact of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor agonist drugs in a model of nephrotoxicity in rats

“…The overall effect of PIO is improved glycaemic control with no increase in the endogenous insulin secretion. [ 26 ] Pioglitazone has also been proven to have anti‐inflammatory, antioxidative and anti‐fibrotic properties in addition to its antidiabetic effects. [ 27 ] The present study focuses on the probable prophylactic effect of FENO, PIO and their combinations against doxorubicin‐induced nephrotoxicity and explains the underlying molecular mechanisms.…”