Mountain surface processes and regulation

Abstract

Mountains cover about a quarter of the world’s land surface, and directly support a significant proportion of the world’s population living within mountainous regions. Mountains provide water, timber and non-timber forest products, mineral resources, and many other food, fiber, and fuel products. Mountains also provide diverse ecosystems, in terms of both species and genetics, due to the topographic complexity in mountains increasing isolation and promoting speciation. Managing mountain regions for the sustainable delivery of critical goods and services requires an increasingly detailed understanding of mountain surface processes and regulation. The aim of this Guest Edited Collection is to provide a platform for interdisciplinary studies of mountain surface processes, and their responses to climate change and human activities.

Influence of Temperature on Acid‐Based Wet Chemical Texturization for Ultralow Optical Reflectance (<2%) of mc‐Si Wafer for PV Applications

“…The Si─C and Si─Si stretching vibrational modes are responsible for the small band ≈608 cm −1 . Lu [ 47 ] has reported interstitial oxygen and carbon in a thin silicon wafer for the peak between 605 and 1107 cm −1 . The spectra that were obtained demonstrate the variation in the oxygen and carbon content of the interstitial space.…”

Distinct microbial communities across a climatically versatile summit in the Lesotho highlands

“…Approximately 24% of the Earth's land mass is covered by mountains, which comprise of diverse ecosystems owing to a range of climatic types including tropical, temperate, and cryogenic (García‐Llamas et al, 2019; United Nations, 1992). Mountains also provide humanity with essential resources and services, such as water, minerals, energy, carbon sequestering, agricultural resources, recreation, and tourism (García‐Llamas et al, 2019; Lu, 2021; Martín‐López et al, 2019; United Nations, 1992). In addition to climate warming, mountain environments are characterized by strong topographical diversity through elevation, slope gradients, and slope aspect (directional orientation of slopes) (Singh, 2018).…”

Recipe ingredients for re emergent protozoa: climatic change, rain, zoonosis, mountain and food

“…In addition, the interplay between agriculture boundary expansion, alterations of natural ecosystems, and the introduction of animal species for food production in these modified environments create conditions for changes in the chain of transmission 20,21 . Mountains have been identified as essential for food production in many countries 22 . The complexity of mountain agricultural systems, which usually involve a mixture of vegetables and fruit cultivars, as well as cattle (cows, sheep, pigs) and poultry, make them "perfect" environments for the increase in contact between protozoa and food products [22][23][24] .…”

“…Mountains have been identified as essential for food production in many countries 22 . The complexity of mountain agricultural systems, which usually involve a mixture of vegetables and fruit cultivars, as well as cattle (cows, sheep, pigs) and poultry, make them "perfect" environments for the increase in contact between protozoa and food products [22][23][24] . The recipe for the increased transmission of pathogens has as one of its ingredients the raising of precipitation rates, a direct consequence of global warming 2,25-28 .…”