MR diffusion tensor imaging of white matter tract disruption in stroke at 3 T

Gillard, Jonathan H.; Papadakis, N.; Martin, Kay M.; Price, Chris; Warburton, Elizabeth A.; Antoun, N.M.; Huang, Ching-Kuei; Carpenter, T. Adrian; Pickard, John D.

doi:10.1259/bjr.74.883.740642

Cited by 69 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Clarification of the cause of motor weakness is essential for prognosis and for adoption of scientific strategies for successful rehabilitation [22][23][24][25][26]. Recovery following a stroke is typically classified into neurological recovery and functional recovery; functional recovery is influenced by the external environment, continuity of rehabilitation, and motivation, whereas neurological recovery varies according to stroke pathogenesis and lesion site [27].…”

Section: Correlation Between Brain Lesion and Motor Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis and Recovery of Motor Function with Lesion–Symptom Mapping in Patients with Stroke

Lee

Lim

2017

Brain Neurorehabil

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Although studies have demonstrated that several specific brain lesions are related to the recovery and functional prognosis in patients with stroke, it still remained to be illusive. Modern imaging techniques make us possible to identify regions that are commonly related to specific deficit. Superimposing individual lesions to identify an area related to a particular function is based on the assumption that these functional modules are in the same location in different individuals. It is traditional to overlay plots using 'lesion subtraction.' Additionally, voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) can be used to determine relationships between behavioral measures and its neural correlates in the brain. VLSM estimates statistical parameters on a voxel-by-voxel basis by calculating the correlations between t-scores for tasks and treating voxels as subjects, allowing fairly high spatial precision. Understanding their relative merits with regard to specific brain lesions should be useful in planning rehabilitation strategies and will become an important part of neurorehabilitation.

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Section: Correlation Between Brain Lesion and Motor Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis and Recovery of Motor Function with Lesion–Symptom Mapping in Patients with Stroke

Lee

Lim

2017

Brain Neurorehabil

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“…This is in contrast with metastases, which tend to spread along vascular planes and form a tumour that is separate from the surrounding brain. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is very sensitive in detecting disruption of white matter in regions that appear normal in a number of diseases [31][32][33][34][35]. Initial studies in brain tumours have shown a 30 u deviation of corona radiata fibres in a patient with a low-grade glioma, suggesting that the fibres had been displaced but not infiltrated by the tumour [36].…”

Section: Imaging White Matter Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging biomarkers of brain tumour margin and tumour invasion

Price

Gillard²

2011

BJR

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ABSTRACT. Invasion of tumour cells into the normal brain is one of the major reasons of treatment failure for gliomas. Although there is a good understanding of the molecular and cellular processes that occur during this invasion, it is not possible to detect the extent of the tumour with conventional imaging. However, there is an understanding that the degree of invasion differs with individual tumours, and yet they are all treated the same. Newer imaging techniques that probe the pathological changes within tumours may be suitable biomarkers for invasion. Imaging methods are now available that can detect subtle changes in white matter organisation (diffusion tensor imaging), tumour metabolism and cellular proliferation (using MR spectroscopy and positron emission tomography) occurring in regions of tumour that cannot be detected by conventional imaging. The role of such biomarkers of invasion should allow better delineation of tumour margins, which should improve treatment planning (especially surgery and radiotherapy) and provide information on the invasiveness of an individual tumour to help select the most appropriate therapy and help stratify patients for clinical trials.

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“…In addition to damage to gray matter structures, white matter vulnerability is observed in both ischemic (Dewar et al, 2003;Gillard et al, 2001;Pantoni et al, 1999) and traumatic Gentleman et al, 1995;Maxwell et al, 1993;Strich, 1961) conditions. Because the normal function of the brain is dependent on the communication between brain regions, the clarification of mechanisms contributing to acute and/or progressive white matter damage is critical to our understanding of brain injury (Goldberg and Ransom, 2003).…”

Section: White Matter Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Cerebral Ischemia and Brain Trauma: Similarities and Differences

Bramlett

Dietrich

2004

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

569

358

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Summary: Current knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia and brain trauma indicates that similar mechanisms contribute to loss of cellular integrity and tissue destruction. Mechanisms of cell damage include excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, free radical production, apoptosis and inflammation. Genetic and gender factors have also been shown to be important mediators of pathomechanisms present in both injury settings. However, the fact that these injuries arise from different types of primary insults leads to diverse cellular vulnerability patterns as well as a spectrum of injury processes. Blunt head trauma produces shear forces that result in primary membrane damage to neuronal cell bodies, white matter structures and vascular beds as well as secondary injury mechanisms. Severe cerebral ischemic insults lead to metabolic stress, ionic perturbations, and a complex cascade of biochemical and molecular events ultimately causing neuronal death. Similarities in the pathogenesis of these cerebral injuries may indicate that therapeutic strategies protective following ischemia may also be beneficial after trauma. This review summarizes and contrasts injury mechanisms after ischemia and trauma and discusses neuroprotective strategies that target both types of injuries.

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MR diffusion tensor imaging of white matter tract disruption in stroke at 3 T

Cited by 69 publications

References 31 publications

Prognosis and Recovery of Motor Function with Lesion–Symptom Mapping in Patients with Stroke

Prognosis and Recovery of Motor Function with Lesion–Symptom Mapping in Patients with Stroke

Imaging biomarkers of brain tumour margin and tumour invasion

Pathophysiology of Cerebral Ischemia and Brain Trauma: Similarities and Differences

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