Mulberry Ethanol Extract and Rutin Protect Alcohol-Damaged GES-1 Cells by Inhibiting the MAPK Pathway

Abstract

Mulberry extract has been proven to have the effect of resisting alcohol damage, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the composition of mulberry ethanol extract (MBE) was identified by LC-MS/MS and the main components of MBE were ascertained by measuring. Gastric mucosal epithelial (GES-1) cells were used to elucidate the mechanism of MBE and rutin (the central part of MBE) helped protect against alcohol damage. The results revealed that phenolics accounted for the majority of MBE, accounting for 308.6 mg/g gallic acid equivalents and 108 substances were identified, including 37 flavonoids and 50 non-flavonoids. The treatment of 400 μg/mL MBE and 320 μM rutin reduced early cell apoptosis and the content of intracellular reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and increased glutathione. The qPCR results indicated that the MBE inhibits the expression of genes in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, including p38, JNK, ERK and caspase-3; rutin inhibits the expression of p38 and caspase-3. Overall, MBE was able to reduce the oxidative stress of GES-1 cells and regulated apoptosis-related genes of the MAPK pathway. This study provides information for developing anti-ethanol injury drugs or functional foods.

Dendrobium officinale flowers flavonoids enriched extract protects against acute ethanol-induced gastric ulcers via AMPK/PI3K signaling pathways

“…Results showed that cell viability in the ulcer model group (27.16%) (P < 0.001) was significantly reduced relative to the control group. Pretreatment with DOFF at 80 μg/mL (33.9%), 160 μg/mL (50.4%), and 320 μg/mL (61.7%) remarkably improved decrease in cell viability compared with the model group, which was consistent with prior reports [63]. The best effect observed at a dose of 320 μg/mL was thus selected for further in vitro assays.…”

Protective effect of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides from chicory on alcohol-induced injury in GES-1 cells via Keap1/Nrf2 and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways

“…Direct observation of cell status is helpful for preliminary judgment of screening concentration. A study demonstrated that the cell survival rate was approximately 50% after exposure to 3% ethanol for a duration of 4 h ( 33 ). Furthermore, the study outlined the recommended concentration (2–8%) and duration (2–6 h) to minimize volatilization in ethanol molding ( 33 ).…”

“…A study demonstrated that the cell survival rate was approximately 50% after exposure to 3% ethanol for a duration of 4 h ( 33 ). Furthermore, the study outlined the recommended concentration (2–8%) and duration (2–6 h) to minimize volatilization in ethanol molding ( 33 ). In this study, ethanol treatment for 2 h and the cell survival rate of about 60% was used as modeling criteria to explore the optimal concentration.…”

Flavonoids as Strong Inhibitors of MAPK3: A Computational Drug Discovery Approach

“…Wu et al [60] demonstrated that mulberry ethanol extract (MBE) and rutin (the most abundant phenolic component in MBE) signifcantly reduced the expression of several genes mediating the MAPK pathway, including ERK, JNK, p38, and caspase-3, leading to reduced oxidative stress in gastric mucosal epithelial cells. Tis was done using the quantitative PCR method.…”